髋保护器防护髋部骨折的有限元建模与分析  

Prevention of hip fracture with a hip protector:a finite element analysis

作　　者：董谢平[1] 张琳琳[2] 何剑颖[1] 周立义[1] 王冬梅[3] 吴小辉[1] 王锦程[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省人民医院,南昌330006 [2]上海理工大学,上海200020 [3]上海交通大学,上海200040

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2011年第18期1537-1541,共5页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(编号:2008BAI68B06)

摘　　要：[目的]通过建立带软组织的骨盆和加穿髋保护器骨盆的三维有限元模型,并模拟髋部以正侧方跌倒触地时的动作,分析跌倒过程中髋部各部位的应力、应变和位移分布,验证髋保护器防护髋部骨折的有效性。[方法]以中国力学可视人原始资料为依据,应用Abaqus 6.51软件构建带软组织的正常骨盆和佩戴髋保护器骨盆的三维有限元模型,固定约束地面刚体,对整个骨盆模型加载2 m/s的速度载荷,程序运算后观测骨盆模型佩戴髋保护器前后的应力应变及其随时间变化规律和分布云图。[结果]与没有佩戴髋保护器比较,跌倒过程中骨盆与地面的接触力、骨盆与地面产生最大接触力时松质骨最大压缩应变、大转子以及股骨颈周围应变最大值、大转子和股骨颈附近的最大Von-Mises应力值、大转子和股骨颈处的平均应力值等均明显变小。[结论]髋保护器能有效降低人体跌倒时转子间骨折的发生率,研究结果可成为其进入临床应用的生物力学依据。[ Objective ] To verify the effectiveness of hip protector in prevention of hip fracture by means of building a three - dimensional finite element model of pelvises with soft tissue and pelvis protector respectively, imitating the pelvis motion of falling down with side direction onto the ground, and analyzing values of stress, strain of all parts in the pelvis and the distribution of their displacement. [ Method ] Based on the original material of Chinese mechanical visible man, three - dimensional finite element models of pelvises with soft tissue and pelvis protector were constructed by software Abaqus 6.51. After fixing and restricting rigid body on the ground, a velocity of 2m/s was loaded onto the whole pelvis model. The changing regularity and the scatter gram of the stresses and strains were observed according to time variation. [ Result] Compared to the pelvis without protector, the contact force, the maximum compressive strain of spongy bone, the maximum strain, the maximum Von - Mises strain, the average stress values in greater trochanter and around the femoral neck of the pelvis have decreased significantly in a pelvis with a protector when falling onto the ground. [ Conclusion ] A pelvis protector can reduce the fracture rate between trochanters when patient slipping onto the ground, and this result could be a biomechanics reference for clinical application.

关 键 词：骨盆 有限元分析 生物力学 髋保护器 跌倒 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]