制革废弃油脂制备乙醇-柴油乳化剂的研究  

PREPARATION OF EMULSIFIER FOR ETHANOL-DIESEL FUEL FROM TANNERY WASTE OIL

作　　者：马建中[1] 麻冬[2,3] 吕斌[1] 颜明俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院 [3]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2011年第10期73-77,共5页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：陕西省"13115"科技创新工程重大科技专项(2007ZDKG-41);陕西科技大学科研创新团队建设项目(TD09-03);陕西科技大学研究生创新基金

摘　　要：将制革废弃油脂制备成脂肪酸甲酯,再用脂肪酸甲酯制备乙醇-柴油乳化剂。单因素实验结果表明,当脂肪酸甲酯与二乙醇胺的摩尔比为1.0、反应温度为130℃、催化剂KOH用量为1.0%(与甲酯质量比)、反应时间为5h时所得乳化剂的乳化性能最好。乙醇-柴油混合燃料的稳定性测试结果表明,添加该乳化剂制得的乙醇-柴油混合燃料在0～70℃范围内能够稳定存在。透射电镜(TEM)分析结果表明,制备的乙醇-柴油粒径分布均匀,形貌稳定。该乙醇-柴油混合燃料的燃烧速率较0号柴油稍慢,而烟灰释放率较0号柴油降低55.16%,且不会对内燃机及其构件造成腐蚀。In this paper using the waste oil from tannery, fatty acid methyl esters （FAME）were obtained firstly,and then emulsifiers for ethanol-diesel were prepared. Results of single factor experiments showed that under the conditions of FAME/DEA molar ratio of 1, KOH catalyst dosage of 1% （based on methyl ester）, a reaction temperature of 130 ℃ and a reaction time of 5 h, the prepared emulsifier exhibited the best emulsifying properties. Stability test results of ethanol-diesel fuel showed that ethanol-diesel mixed fuel with the presence of said prepared emulsifier was stable in the temperature range of 0 70℃ as shown by the TEM photo： fine ethanol droplets were well dispersed in the diesel fuel. The burning rate of ethanol-diesel fuel was slightly slower than that of 0# diesel fuel, yet the smog release rate of the former was much lower than the latter （a 55.16 % reduction）. Besides,the mixed fuel containing the prepared emulsifier was not corrosive to engine.

关 键 词：制革废弃物 乙醇柴油 乳化剂 

分 类 号：X794[环境科学与工程—环境工程]