孕期开展盆底相关健康教育对分娩及产后盆底功能的影响  

Effect of pelvic floor related health education during pregnancy on delivery and postpartum pelvic floor function

作　　者：陈燕[1] 苏园园[1] 龙丽珊[1] 陈宏霞[1] 李丹彦[1] 林凤莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市人民医院,528403

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2011年第27期4180-4182,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:探讨在妊娠28周开始盆底健康教育和分娩宣教、指导盆底肌肉锻炼,对初孕妇妊娠36周时盆底肌力、产程、分娩方式及产后42天盆腔脏器脱垂及盆底肌力的影响。方法:将2008年6月～2009年6月进行规律产检的初产妇随机分为锻炼组68例和对照组75例,征得锻炼组初产妇及其家属的知情同意,于妊娠28周在孕妇学校开始盆底健康教育和分娩宣教,并指导其行盆底肌锻炼;对照组只进行定期产检。分别于妊娠36周、产后42天评估盆底肌力和盆腔脏器脱垂发生率,并对产程及分娩方式进行对比观察。结果:锻炼组初产妇妊娠36周及产后42天的盆底肌力均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);锻炼组产后42天盆腔脏器脱垂发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);锻炼组产程较对对照组短,顺产率较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:孕期盆底相关健康教育及指导盆底肌肉锻炼,可显著提高初产妇盆底肌力和顺产率,缩短产程,降低产后盆腔脏器脱垂发生率,值得临床推广应用。Objective：To explore the effects of pelvic floor related health education and propaganda and education of delivery from the 28th gestational week on the myodynamia of pelvic floor,labor course,delivery modes of primiparous women on the 36th gestational week and pelvic organ prolapse and myodynamia of pelvic floor at 42 days after delivery. Methods：The primiparous women receiving regular prenatal examination in the hospital from June 2008 to June 2009 were divided into exercise group（68 cases） and control group（75 cases） randomly,with prior informed consent of the primiparous women and their family members in exercise group,pelvic floor related health education and propaganda and education of delivery were conducted in School for Pregnant Women from the 28th gestational week,and muscular training of pelvic floor was carried out under guidance;the primiparous women in control group only received regular prenatal examination.The myodynamia of pelvic floor and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse were evaluated on the 36th gestational week and 42nd day after delivery;the labor courses and delivery modes in the two groups were compared and observed. Results：The myodynamia of pelvic floor on the 36th gestational week and 42nd day after delivery in exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group（P0.05）;the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse at 42 days after delivery in exercise group was significantly lower than that in control group（P0.05）;the labor course in exercise group was significantly shorter than that in control group,the rate of natural labor in exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group（P0.05）. Conclusion：Pelvic floor related health education during pregnancy and muscular training of pelvic floor can improve the myodynamia of pelvic floor and the rate of natural labor in primiparous women,shorten labor course,reduce the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse after delivery,the method is worthy to be popularized in clinic.

关 键 词：盆底肌肉锻炼 盆底肌力 产程 顺产率 盆腔脏器脱垂 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R173[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]