基于分形模型的遥感灰度异常提取研究:以黑龙江多宝山地区铁染异常提取为例  

Extraction of Remote Sensing Gray Anomalies Based on the Fractal Model:The Example of Extracting Iron Alteration Anomalies from the Duobaoshan District,Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：刁海[1] 张达[1] 赵博[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2011年第5期903-908,共6页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"中蒙边境成矿带地质-地球物理综合剖面研究"(编号:1212010070505)

摘　　要：分形的特征是标度不变性,即在一定的尺度范围内表现出统计的自相似性。在地质现象中,自相似性非常普遍,如:构造的形态、矿床的分布、岩石中元素的含量等。蚀变围岩在一定程度上反映或指示着矿床的分布,蚀变岩石与正常围岩在矿物组分、化学成分和岩石组合上都有所不同。在遥感图像上,上述蚀变特征表现为不同的色调和纹理等,即图像像元亮度的差异。本文用主成分分析法计算出反映铁染异常的主分量,用分形模型确定该分量灰度异常的阈值,将求得的铁染异常与航磁数据、重力数据和已知矿点进行对比分析,发现提取的铁染异常与断裂构造、已知矿点比较吻合。Fractal is characterized by scale invariance which means a self-similarity statistically in a certain range of scales.Self-similarity is very common in geological phenomena,such as structural shape,deposit distribution,and element content of rock.To some extent,altered wall rocks can reflect or indicate distribution of deposits,which differ from normal wall rock in mineral component,chemical element and rock assemblage.These alteration characteristics are different from tone and texture in remote sensing images,which are reflected by the brightness of image pixels.In this work,taking the Duobaoshan district as an example,the component reflecting iron anomalies is calculated by principal component analysis and the threshold of anomaly gray is determined by a fractal model.Then we compare the iron anomalies,△T contours,Bouguer gravity anomaly contours and known deposits.The result shows that the extracted iron anomalies are consistent with the faults and known ore deposits.

关 键 词：分形模型 遥感蚀变 铁染蚀变 多宝山地区 黑龙江 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P614[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]