哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤氮转化的海拔效应  

Altitudinal effect of soil nitrogen transformation in a montane evergreen broadleaved forest in Ailao Mountains of Southwest China

作　　者：高建梅[1,2] 董丽媛[1,2] 胡古[1,2] 沙丽清[1,3,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室,昆明650223 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院哀牢山亚热带森林生态系统研究站,云南景东676200

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第10期2149-2154,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB833501-01-07)资助

摘　　要：采用树脂芯法将哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林内土壤分别移植到中海拔的次生林和低海拔的人工林下培养,并以原地培养为对照,对土壤氮素转化的海拔效应进行了研究。土壤氮素的净矿化速率、净硝化速率和淋溶速率受季节和海拔的影响极为显著(P<0.01)。海拔的影响在雨季前期最显著,高海拔土壤的净矿化和净硝化速率分别为-5.81和-4.18mgN·kg-1·60d-1,移植到中、低海拔培养后,净矿化速率分别为20.92和44.15mgN·kg-1·60d-1,净硝化速率分别为17.07和20.38mgN·kg-1·60d-1,淋溶量也分别增加了0.37倍和2.77倍。由于雨季中后期反硝化作用增加导致净矿化和净硝化速率降低,导致高、中海拔培养的土壤净氮矿化速率在雨季中期达到最高值,雨季后期降低。由此可推断,未来的气候变暖很可能会加快哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤氮素的转化速率和气态损失量。By using resin core method,the intact soil in a high altitude montane evergreen broadleaved forest in Ailao Mountains was transferred to and incubated in the medium altitude secondary forest and low altitude artificial forest in the Mountains,respectively,aimed to study the altitudinal effect of soil nitrogen transformation.Altitude had significant effects on the net mineralization rate,net nitrification rate,and leached amount of soil nitrogen（P〈0.01）,being most obvious in early rain season.At high altitude,the soil nitrogen net mineralization and net nitrification rates were-5.81 and-4.18 mg N·kg-1·60 d-1,respectively;while at medium and low altitudes,they were 20.92 and 44.15 mg N·kg-1·60 d-1,and 17.07 and 20.38 mg N·kg-1·60 d-1,and the amount of leached nitrogen was increased by 0.37 and 2.77 times,respectively.Due to the increase of soil denitrification in mid and late rain seasons,the soil nitrogen net mineralization and net nitrification rates decreased,with the net mineralization rate peaked in mid rain season and decreased in late rain season.It was deduced that the future climate warming could accelerate the soil nitrogen transformation rate and cause the gaseous nitrogen losses in the montane evergreen broadleaved forest of Ailao Mountains.

关 键 词：森林土壤 海拔 土壤氮矿化 树脂芯法 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]