低氧胁迫下钙对樱桃根系功能及氮代谢的影响  

Effects of applying calcium on the functions and nitrogen metabolism of cherry root system under hypoxia stress

作　　者：生利霞[1] 冯立国[1] 束怀瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第10期2209-2213,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2009717);扬州大学科技创新培育基金项目(2010cxj079)资助

摘　　要：以樱桃组培苗‘吉塞拉5号’为试材,采用营养液水培控制溶氧浓度的方法,研究短期低氧胁迫下钙对其根系功能及氮代谢的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,低氧加钙处理的樱桃植株根系活力显著升高,根系呼吸速率抑制作用明显减轻,与氮代谢相关的硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)及谷氨酸脱氢酶(NADH-GDH)活性也显著升高,从而为低氧逆境下樱桃根系的吸收作用提供足够的能量,保证了糖酵解和电子传递的顺利进行,缓解了樱桃的低氧伤害,且10mmol·L-1Ca2+处理的缓解效果优于5mmol·L-1处理;低氧缺钙处理的樱桃植株根系活力显著下降,根系呼吸速率抑制作用明显加重,NR、GS及NADH-GDH活性显著降低;表明适当提高生长介质中的Ca2+浓度可缓解低氧胁迫对樱桃根系的伤害。By the method of controlling dissolved oxygen concentration in nutrient solution,this paper studied the effects of applying calcium to the nutrient solution on the functions and nitrogen metabolism of cherry root system under hypoxia stress.As compared to the control,applying calcium significantly increased the root activity,mitigated the inhibition effect of hypoxia on root respiration rate,and improved the activities of enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism,such as nitrate reductase（NR）,glutamine synthethase（GS）,and glutamate dehydrogenase（NADH-GDH）.All these effects could supply enough energy for root respiration,supply NAD＋ to glycolytic pathway,promote the electron transfer,and consequently,alleviate the harm of hypoxia stress to cherry plant.Applying 10 mmol·L-1 of Ca2＋ had better effects than applying 5 mmol·L-1 of Ca2＋.Calcium deficiency under hypoxia stress significantly decreased the root activity and NR,GS,and NADH-GDH activities,and aggravated the root respiration inhibition.It was suggested that applying calcium in growth medium could mitigate the damage of hypoxia stress on cherry root system.

关 键 词：樱桃 低氧胁迫 钙 根系功能 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]