漫湾水电开发对库区景观动态的影响  

Effects of Manwan hydropower exploitation on dynamic changes of landscape pattern in related reservoir area

作　　者：赵清贺[1] 刘世梁[1] 张兆苓[1] 邓丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第10期2343-2350,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50939001;40871237);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助

摘　　要：基于GIS、RS技术,以云南漫湾水电站为例,对电站建设前后库区景观格局及其变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:1974—2004年的30年中,林地与灌丛面积呈现减少趋势,草地、农田、水域和建设用地呈现增加的趋势;在景观总体呈现破碎化与离散分布的前提下,电站建设后景观多样性和均匀度指数均较电站建设前有所降低,景观破碎化程度和景观类型离散分布的趋势减缓;景观类型相互转化频繁,主要表现为林地、灌丛和草地之间的转化。水电站建设后库区综合景观动态度降低,景观类型动态度以建设用地、草地和农田较高。总之,漫湾水电站建设后库区景观格局发生了显著的变化,研究结果对科学认识水电开发的景观生态效应具有重要的意义。With the supports of RS and GIS,this paper studied the temporal dynamic changes of landscape pattern in Manwan Reservoir area of Yunnan Province before and after the construction of Manwan hydropower station.In the 30 years of 1974-2004,the areas of forest land and shrub land in the Reservoir area presented a decreasing trend,while those of grassland,farmland,constructive land,and water body were in adverse.Under the background of an overall landscape fragmentation and discrete distribution,there was a slight decrease in the landscape diversity and evenness after the construction of the hydropower station,but the landscape became more fragmented and more discrete.The inter-transitions between different landscape types were frequent,especially for forest land,shrub land,and grassland.The integrated landscape dynamic change degree decreased after the construction of the hydropower station,but a high degree of landscape dynamic change was observed for grassland,cropland,and constructive land.In sum,there was an obvious change in the landscape pattern in Manwan Reservoir area before and after the hydropower station construction,and this study could be meaningful for better understanding of the landscape ecological effects of hydropower exploitation.

关 键 词：景观格局指数 景观转移矩阵 景观动态度 大坝建设 云南漫湾电站 

分 类 号：P942[天文地球—自然地理学] P208P237