代乳粉的饲喂水平对犊牛消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Feeding Levels of Milk Replacer on Digestion,Metabolism and Serum Biochemical Indices in Calves

作　　者：许先查[1,2] 王建红[1] 刁其玉[1] 屠焰[1] 张乃锋[1] 杨开伦[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081 [2]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第4期654-661,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“十一五”科技支撑计划“犊牛及后备牛营养物质代谢规律研究及代乳粉示范”(2006BAD04A0-03)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究代乳粉的饲喂水平对犊牛生长、增重、营养物质消化吸收及血清生化指标的影响。选择体重相近的新生犊牛24头,随机分成3个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头牛,单笼饲养。代乳粉的饲喂水平依次为犊牛体重的1.188%（L组）、1.375%（M组）和1.563%（H组）,分别在第0、2、4、6、8周称重、采血,于第3~4周和第5~6周进行代谢试验。结果表明,M组和H组犊牛的周增重在3~4周龄阶段显著高于L组（P〈0.05）,在其他阶段,代乳粉的饲喂水平对犊牛周增重有一定的影响,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。在3~4周龄阶段,L组犊牛的干物质和有机物的消化率显著高于H组（P〈0.05）,M组犊牛的粗蛋白质消化率显著高于H组（P〈0.05）,但3个处理犊牛的粗脂肪、钙和总磷消化率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;在5~6周龄阶段,M组犊牛的干物质、有机物和钙消化率显著高于H组（P〈0.05）,3个处理犊牛的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和总磷消化率差异不显著（P〉0.05）。血清生化指标受周龄影响较大,在2周龄阶段,L组和M组犊牛的血清白蛋白浓度显著高于H组（P〈0.05）,H组犊牛的血清甘油三酯浓度显著高于L组（P〈0.05）,M组犊牛的血清尿素氮浓度显著高于L组（P〈0.05）,其他周龄阶段饲喂水平对其没有显著影响（P〉0.05）。由此可见,代乳粉的饲喂水平对犊牛周增重、营养物质的消化代谢及血清生化指标均有不同程度的影响,代乳粉的适宜饲喂水平为犊牛体重的1.375%。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding levels of milk replacer on growth,body weight gain,digestion and absorption of nutrients,and serum biochemical indices in calves.Twenty four new-born calves with similar body weight were allotted into 3 treatments with 8 replicates each and 1 calf in each replicate.The calves were raised in single cages.Each treatment was fed milk replacer at a level of 1.188%（group L）,1.375%（group M） or 1.563%（group H） of the body weight.Body weight was measured and blood samples were collected at 0,2,4,6 and 8 weeks of age.The metabolism trials were conducted during 3 to 4 and 5 to 6 weeks of age,respectively.The weekly weight gain of calves from either group M or H were significantly higher than that of group L（P0.05） during 3 to 4 weeks of age,but it did not significantly differ among the 3 groups（P0.05） in other stages,and the feeding levels of milk replacer had a positive effect on body weight.During 3 to 4 weeks of age,the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter was significantly higher in calves from group L than those from group H（P0.05）,and the digestibility of crude protein was significantly higher in calves from group M than those from group H（P0.05）,but the digestibility of ether extracts,calcium and total phosphorus was not significantly differ among the 3 groups（P0.05）.During 5 to 6 weeks of age,the digestibility of dry matter,organic matter and calcium was significantly higher in calves from group M than those from group H（P0.05）,but that of crude protein,ether extracts and total phosphorus was not significantly differ among the 3 groups（P0.05）.The serum biochemical indices were influenced by the weeks of age,and the feeding level did not differ among the 3 groups（P0.05）.At 2 weeks of age,the concentration of serum albumin was significantly higher in calves from either group L or group M than those from group H（P0.05）,the concentration of serum triglyceride in group H was significantly higher

关 键 词：代乳粉 饲喂水平 消化代谢 血清生化指标 犊牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]