饲粮中添加复合益生菌对奶牛瘤胃发酵及纤维素酶活的影响  

Dietary Compound Probiotics on Rumen Fermentation and Cellulase Activity in Dairy Cows

作　　者：刘彩娟[1] 孙满吉[1] 孙金艳[2] 吕文龙[1] 刘薇[1] 单安山[1] 张永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物营养所,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第5期821-827,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：黑龙江省科技厅项目(GA07B201-2-09);现代农业产业技术体系(奶牛)项目(nycytx0-2-02);黑龙江省教育厅项目(11541035)

摘　　要：本文旨在研究不同剂量的复合益生菌制剂对荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵及纤维素酶活的影响。选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管,体况相近的荷斯坦奶牛,饲喂不同剂量复合益生菌,分为对照组(0cfu/d)、低剂量组(0.6×1011cfu/d)与高剂量组(1.2×1011cfu/d),采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,试验分为3期,每期18d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加复合益生菌后,瘤胃液pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度、乙酸浓度与对照组相比均显著提高(P<0.05);2)饲粮中添加复合益生菌对瘤胃内丙酸,丁酸和乙酸/丙酸比例没有显著影响(P>0.05),高剂量组显著提高了菌体蛋白(MCP)浓度(P<0.05);3)饲粮中添加复合益生菌能显著提高瘤胃内羧甲基纤维素酶、水杨苷酶和木聚糖酶活(P<0.05),高剂量组较对照组相比显著提高微晶纤维素酶活(P<0.05),而低剂量组则无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,奶牛饲粮中添加复合益生菌可以改变瘤胃发酵环境,提高瘤胃内纤维素酶活。The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different dietary doses of compound probiotics on rumen fermentation and cellulase activity in Holstein dairy cows.Three ruminally-fistulated cows with similar body weight were used in a 3×3 Latin square design.Control group,low dose group and high dose group were fed a basal diet with 0,0.6×1011,and 1.2×1011 cfu/d compound probiotics,respectively.The trial was divided into 3 periods and each period lasted for 18 days.The results showed as follows： 1） after adding the compound probiotics in the diet,rumen pH and concentrations of ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N）,acetate and volatile fatty acid（VFA） were all increased significantly than those of the control group（P0.05）;2） the compound probiotics had no significant effects on propionate,butyrate and acetate to propionate ratios（P0.05）,the bacterial protein（BCP） in high dose group was significantly higher than that in the other groups（P0.05）;3） the activities of carboxymethyl cellulose,salicinase and xylanase in rumen were increased significantly with supplementation of compound probiotics（P0.05）,the activities of cellulose microcrystallisate in high dose group was significantly higher than that in low dose group（P0.05）,but there was no significant difference compared with the control group（P0.05）.In conclusion,adding compound probiotics in the diet for dairy cows could improve rumen fermentation and the activities fiber hydrolytic enzymes.

关 键 词：复合益生菌 奶牛 瘤胃发酵 纤维素酶活 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]