热应激建鲤饲料中吡啶甲酸铬的适宜添加量  

The Optimal Supplemental Level of Chromium Picolinate for Heat Stressed Jian Carp(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)

作　　者：王晶晶[1] 刘文斌[1] 徐维娜[1] 王莹[1] 张微微[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第7期1209-1216,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项--国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系(nycytx4-9-21);江苏省科技支撑计划(农业)项目--新型渔用复合促生长饲料添加剂关键技术研究与开发(BE2010394)资助项目

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨热应激建鲤(Cyprinus carpiovar.Jian)饲料中吡啶甲酸铬的适宜添加量。试验选取初始均重为(32.88±0.17)g的建鲤360尾,随机分为6组(每组4个重复,每个重复15尾鱼),分别投喂在基础饲料中添加不同水平吡啶甲酸铬的试验饲料,各组饲料Cr3+理论添加量分别为0、300、600、900、1 200和1 500μg/kg。试验在室内可控温循环流水养殖系统中进行,驯化期10d(26℃),正试期60d("常温—高温—常温"应激模式:20d,26℃;20d,31℃;20d,26℃)。结果表明:1)饲料中添加600和900μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬(以Cr3+计,下同)可显著提高建鲤的增重率和蛋白质效率,降低饲料系数(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,当添加量达到1 500μg/kg时,增重率下降3.4%(P>0.05)。随着饲料中吡啶甲酸铬添加量的升高,建鲤肝体比呈上升趋势,900、1 200和1 500μg/kg添加组肝体比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)饲料中吡啶甲酸铬的添加量对建鲤肌肉粗脂肪、灰分和水分含量的影响不显著(P>0.05),对肝胰脏粗脂肪含量也无显著影响(P>0.05),但300和600μg/kg添加组肌肉和肝胰脏粗蛋白质含量较对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。3)饲料中添加600μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬可显著提高建鲤血清中白蛋白含量(P<0.05),添加1 500μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬可显著降低血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量(P<0.05),添加600、900、1 200和1 500μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬可显著降低血清中胆固醇含量(P<0.05),添加900、1 200、1 500μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬可显著降低血清中甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲料中添加600μg/kg吡啶甲酸铬(饲料中Cr3+实际含量为912.94μg/kg)有较好的抗热应激效果,可促进热应激建鲤生长并提高其肌肉粗蛋白质含量。This research was conducted to investigate the optimal supplemental level of chromium picolinate for heat-stressed Jian carp（Cyprinus carpio var.Jian）.A total of 360 Jian carp with average initial weight of（32.88±0.17） g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 15 fish per replicate.Fish in the 6 groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with different levels of chromium picolinate,and the theoretical supplementation levels of Cr3＋ in the 6 experimental diets were 0,300,600,900,1 200 and 1 500 μg/kg,respectively.The experiment was carried out in indoor facilities with water recycling system which has a temperature control unit.The acclimatization period lasted for 10 d（26 ℃） and the trial period lasted for 60 d（＇normal temperature-high temperature-normal temperature＇ stress model： 20 d,26 ℃;20 d,31 ℃;20 d,26 ℃）.The results showed as follows： 1） supplementation of 600 and 900 μg/kg chromium picolinate（calculated as Cr3＋,the same as below） in diet could significantly increase weight gain and protein efficiency,and decrease feed conversion for Jian carp（P0.05）.Compared with the control group,weight gain rate of fish fed diets supplemented with 1 500 μg/kg chromium picolinate decreased by 3.4%（P0.05）.With the increase of chromium picolinate supplementation,the hepatosomatic index of Jian carp was increased,and had a significantly（P0.05） higher when fish fed the diets supplemented with 900,1 200 and 1 500 μg/kg chromium picolinate.2） The contents of ether extract,ash and moisture in muscle and hepatopancreas ether extract were not significantly affected by chromium picolinate supplementation（P0.05）,while the crude protein content in muscle and hepatopancreas in 300 and 600 μg/kg supplemental groups was significantly higher than that in control group（P0.05）.3） Supplementation of 600 μg/kg chromium picolinate could significantly increase the serum albumin content（P0.05）,while 1 500 μg/kg chromium picolinate co

关 键 词：吡啶甲酸铬 热应激 建鲤 适宜添加量 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]