铂纳米空球的制备及其对甲醇氧化的电催化性能  

Preparation of High Catalytic Platinum Hollow Nanospheres and Their Electrocatalytic Performance for Methanol Oxidation

作　　者：饶贵仕[1] 程美琴[1] 钟艳[1] 邓小聪[1] 易飞[1] 陈治仁[1] 钟起玲[1] 范凤茹[2] 任斌[2] 田中群[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学化学化工学院,南昌330022 [2]厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2011年第10期2373-2378,共6页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20663002);厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金(200511);江西省自然科学基金(0620025)资助项目~~

摘　　要：以粒径为100nm的硒球作模板,在室温下批量合成了粒径约110nm、壳厚约5 nm的铂空球.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能量色散X射线谱(EDX)等检测技术表征了其形貌与结构;以甲醇为探针分子研究了铂纳米空球修饰玻碳电极对甲醇电氧化的催化性能.结果表明,由铂原子簇团构筑的多孔铂空球粒径均匀、分散性好、结构稳定、比表面积大、传质性能好,是甲醇氧化的理想催化材料.循环伏安(CV)结果表明:当甲醇氧化的电流密度0.10 mA·cm^(-2),正扫时,铂纳米空球的氧化电位与实心铂纳米粒子及铂黑相比,分别负移了约110和64mV;负扫时,前者比后两者分别负移了约51与13 mV.经800圈循环伏安扫描后,正扫时,甲醇在铂纳米空球上氧化峰的电流密度为实心铂纳米粒子及铂黑上的13和15倍;负扫时,前者为后两者的19和38倍.表明铂纳米空球对甲醇氧化具有较好的催化活性和稳定性.Pt hollow nanospheres with a particle diameter of 110 nm and a shell thickness of about 5 nm were synthesized in bulk using selenium colloids with a particle diameter of 100 nm as a template. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HR-TEM）, selected area electron diffraction （SAED）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive X-ray spectrocopy （EDX）, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used to determine their morphologies and structures. The electrocatalytic activity of the Pt hollow nanospheres modifying glassy carbon electrode toward methanol oxidation was measured by using methanol as the probe molecule. We show that the multiporous Pt hollow nanospheres composited of atomic clusters have a uniform particle size, good dispersity, a stable structure, a big surface area and good mass transfer performance. Cyclic voltammetry （CV） showed that when the current density of methanol oxidation was 0.10 mA ·cm-2 and upon positivescanning the methanol oxidation potential of the Pt hollow nanospheres was around 110 and 64 mV negative than that of the Pt solid nanoparticles and Pt black, respectively. Upon negative scanning the former species was about 51 and 13 mV negative than that of the latter two species, respectively. After 800 segments cyclic voltammetry scanning, upon positive scanning the peak current density of methanol oxidation on the Pt hollow nanospheres was found to be 13 and 15 times as high as that of the Pt solid nanoparticles and Pt black, respectively. Upon negative scanning the former species was about 19 and 38 times as high as that of the two latter species. Our experimental results show that the Pt hollow nanospheres have good electrocatalytic activity and stability toward methanol oxidation.

关 键 词：铂纳米空球 硒球模板 制备: 电催化 甲醇氧化 

分 类 号：O646.54[理学—物理化学]