不同植物油脂对体外培养条件下培养液酶活及微生物活力的影响  

Effects of Different Plant Oils on the Enzyme Activity and Microbial Activity in vitro

作　　者：王曙[1] 王梦芝[1] 卢占军[2] 董淑红[1] 张鑫[1] 王洪荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]赣南师范学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第8期1309-1316,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31072051);扬州大学创新培育基金(2010CXJ054)

摘　　要：本文旨在研究不同饱和程度的植物油脂对体外培养条件下培养液酶活及微生物活力的影响。试验以3头装有瘤胃瘘管的山羊提供瘤胃液,采用单因子试验设计,对照组不加油脂,试验组分别添加花生油、菜籽油、玉米油和豆油进行体外培养。结果表明:乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶3种酶的活性都以菜籽油组最高,豆油组、玉米油组、花生油组依次降低,除花生油组外,其他试验组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且试验组间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。总脱氢酶以豆油组最高,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),并依次显著高于玉米油组、花生油组和菜籽油组(P<0.05)。此外,油脂组原虫DNA、细菌DNA、微生物DNA、原虫/细菌区系比例的均值与对照组,以及试验组间差异均不显著(P>0.05),但随着培养时间的延长其动态变化模式不尽相同。微生物DNA在各时间点都以豆油组与玉米油组的较高;而原虫/细菌比例则以豆油组和玉米油组较低。综上所述,饱和程度不同的油脂对体外培养瘤胃微生物区系及其微生物细胞活力影响不同,其中以豆油促进微生物活力的效应最佳,玉米油较好。The objectives of this paper were to determine the effects of different plant oils on the enzyme activity and microbial activity in vitro.Three goats with permanent cannulas were used in a simple factor design.The control group was supplemented with no oil and the experimental groups were supplemented with peanut oil,rapeseed oil,corn oil,and soybean oil,respectively.The results showed that the activity of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）,glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase（GOT）,and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（GPT） were highest in rapeseed oil group and that in soybean oil group,corn oil group and peanut oil group fell in turn,the activity of LDH,GOT and GPT in the experimental groups were significant higher than that in the control group except for peanut oil group（P0.05） and there were significantly differences among the experimental groups（P0.05）.The activity of total dehydrogenase in soybean oil group was the highest and significantly higher than that of the control group（P0.05） and that in corn oil group,peanut oil group and rapeseed oil group fell in turn.Additionally,no significant difference was observed in the protozoal DNA,bacterial DNA,microbial DNA,and protozoa to bacteria ratio among groups（P0.05）.However,microbial DNA was generally higher in soybean oil group and corn oil group at all sampling time points,and the changing trend along with time differed from each other.It was further observed that,protozoa to bacteria ratios were much lower in soybean and corn oil.In conclusion,different oils had different effects on microflora and activity of ruminal microorganisms in vitro,while soybean oil and corn oil showed much better effects on promoting microbial activity than the others.

关 键 词：油脂 瘤胃微生物 转氨酶 脱氢酶 体外 

分 类 号：S816.43[农业科学—饲料科学]