三聚氰胺在肉鸡体内的消化代谢及其对饲粮养分利用率和流通速率的影响  

Melamine:Digestion,Metabolism and Effects on Nutrient Availability and Feed Passage Rate in Broilers

作　　者：丁雪梅[1] 张克英[1] 王亮[1] 白世平[1] 吴彩梅[1] 吴秀群[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,教育部动物抗病营养工程中心,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第8期1394-1401,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农业部饲料中三聚氰胺限量制定专项;四川农业大学双支计划项目资助

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过2个试验探讨三聚氰胺(MEL)在肉鸡体内的消化代谢及其对饲粮养分利用率和流通速率的影响。试验1旨在考察MEL在肉鸡体内的表观排泄率和表观回肠消化率。选用240只1日龄健康的科宝雏鸡,设2个组,分别在饲粮中添加0和100 mg/kg MEL,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡,分别在15～21 d和36～42 d进行代谢试验。试验2旨在探讨MEL对肉鸡养分利用率和饲料流通速率的影响。选用48只1日龄健康的科宝公雏,设4个处理,MEL的添加量分别为0、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg,每个处理6个重复,每个重复2只鸡,分别在21和42 d进行24 h饲料流通速率试验。结果表明:肉鸡对饲粮中MEL的表观回肠消化率和表观排泄率均较高,21、42 d表观回肠消化率分别为93.71%和96.44%,表观排泄率分别为68.72%和69.45%,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。1 000 mg/kg MEL组肉鸡饲粮能量的表观利用率显著低于其余各组(P<0.05);饲粮中添加MEL对其粗蛋白质、钙、磷的表观利用率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。21 d时,肉鸡采食2 h后,各处理食糜的流通较快;采食6 h后,1 000 mg/kg MEL组的累积回收率显著低于对照组和2 000 mg/kg MEL组(P<0.05),与500 mg/kg MEL组差异不显著(P>0.05)。42 d时,采食2 h后,各处理食糜的流通较慢;1 000和2 000 mg/kg MEL组的24 h累积回收率显著低于对照组和500 mg/kg MEL组(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中添加的MEL易被肉鸡吸收和排泄,且随着日龄的增加,肉鸡的吸收和排泄率提高;短期采食添加MEL的饲粮,可降低肉鸡对饲粮能量的利用率,但不影响其对粗蛋白质、钙、磷的利用率;随MEL添加量的增加,饲料的流通速率减慢。Two experiments were carried out in this study.The first one was conducted to study the apparent excretion rate and apparent ileal digestibility of melamine.A total of 240 one-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups： basal diet group,and basal diet＋100 mg/kg melamine group（6 replicates per group and 20 chicks per replicate）.Metabolic trials were carried from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42.The second trial was conducted to study the effects of melamine on nutrient availability and feed passage rate in broilers.A total of 48 one-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 2 broilers per replicate.Broilers in different groups were fed with the diets containing 0,500,1 000,and 2 000 mg/kg melamine,respectively.At d 21 and 42,a 24 hours trial was carried to determine the effects of melamine on feed passage rate in broilers.The results showed that the apparent excretion rate and apparent ileal digestibility of melamine in broilers were higher,and they were 93.71% and 68.72% at d 21,96.44% and 69.45% at d 42,respectively,but there was no significant difference between d 21 and 42（P0.05）;the energy apparent availability in 1 000 mg/kg group was lower than that in the other groups（P0.05）;there were no significant differences in the availabilities of protein,calcium and phosphorus among all groups（P0.05）.At d 21,the feed passage rate was fast after feeding for 2 h,and the cumulative recovery rate after feeding for 6 h in 1 000 mg/kg group was lower than that in the control group and 2 000 mg/kg group（P0.05）,and there was no significant difference between 1 000 mg/kg group and 500 mg/kg group（P0.05）.At d 42,the feed passage rate was slow after feeding for 2 h,the cumulative recovery rates after feeding for 24 h in 1 000 and 2000 mg/kg group were significantly decreased than those in the control group and 500 mg/kg group（P0.05）.It is concluded that melamine added to the diet is easily absorbed and excreted in broilers,a

关 键 词：MEL 肉鸡 养分利用率 饲料流通速率 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]