德州驴发情周期中卵泡动力学和激素变化规律的研究  

Ovarian Follicular and Hormonal Dynamics in Dezhou Jenny during Estrous Cycle Monitored by Real-time Ultrasonography

作　　者：葛利江[1] 徐常林[1] 石瑞青[1] 谭景和[1] 罗明久[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科学技术学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2011年第9期1256-1263,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009DM008)

摘　　要：本研究旨在揭示德州母驴发情季节的卵巢卵泡波变化特点以了解其卵泡的募集、选择、优势化、闭锁或者排卵,为驴人工授精和超数排卵提供可靠依据。本研究在德州驴发情季节(5～8月份)用直肠超声探查法每日检测5头德州母驴的10个排卵间隔的卵泡发育动态。同时每日采血,用放免法(RIA)检测E2、FSH、LH和IGF-1浓度。研究结果发现:(1)驴的排卵间隔平均为(23.22±0.28)d,每个周期中存在2个卵泡波,其中有4个展示主-主卵泡波,有6个展示次-主卵泡波。(2)第1波和第2波开始出现募集的时间分别在排卵后的第1和第(10.2±1.4)天,募集的卵泡数分别为(5.2±1.2)和(4.0±0.3)个,选择的卵泡数分别是(2.3±0.5)和(2.5±0.4)个。第1和第2卵泡波开始优势化的时间分别在排卵后的第(5.8±0.6)和第(18.1±1.4)天。波峰平均出现时间分别为第(7.67±0.24)和第(23.22±0.28)天。波峰时优势卵泡平均最大直径分别为(26.44±2.37)和(40.7±2.45)mm。第1和第2波最大优势卵泡每日平均生长率分别为(2.01±0.5)和(3.15±0.6)mm.d-1。(3)黄体(CL)最大直径平均为(37.61±1.58)mm,CL平均持续时间为(17.30±1.62)d。(4)E2浓度从排卵前3d至排卵后2d的发情期内均很高,平均维持在(46.47±9.53)pg.mL-1,在排卵前2d达到峰值(62.84±4.89)pg.mL-1。(5)由于E2的负反馈作用,FSH浓度到优势卵泡最后阶段(即第7天闭锁或第23或24天排卵时)大幅度下降。(6)LH在排卵前几天迅速升高,在排卵后第2天达到峰值(4.69±0.43)mIU.mL-1。(7)IGF-1的升降状况与E2基本相同,在排卵前1d达到峰值(47.9±3.91)ng.mL-1。通过上述卵泡和激素动态学变化,本研究得出下述结论:驴的卵巢卵泡发育是以卵泡波形式进行的,每个发情周期中最常出现的是2个卵泡波;排卵发生于发情结束前2d;E2和IGF-1调节驴的发情活动;FSH调节小卵泡的募集;LH增高与排卵有关。The objective of the study was to provide a reliable evidence for artificial insemination and multiple ovulation by the knowledge of characteristic of ovarian follicular waves and by determining whether the dynamic change existed in ovarian follicule（including recruitment,selection,dominance,atresia or ovulation） during the interovulatory interval（IOI）.The ovarian follicles of 5 Dezhou donkeys with ten continuous estrous cycles were examined daily using rectal ultrasonography during the breeding season.Blood samples were drawn daily to measure serum concentrations of estradiol-17β,LH,FSH and IGF-1 by RIA for ten estrous cycles.The results of the research indicated that：（1）IOI in donkeys was（23.22±0.28）d.In the 10 estrous cycles evaluated,donkeys with two follicle waves exhibited a six minor-major waves and four major-major waves pattern of follicle development.（2）The recruitment occurring of wave1 and wave2 began on the first and（10.2±1.4） days after ovulation,the numbers of follicles recruited were（5.2±1.2） and（4.0±0.3）,and the numbers of follicles selected were（2.3±0.5） and（2.5±0.4）.The dominance of follicles at wave1 and 2 began on（5.8±0.6） and（18.1±1.4）days after ovulation.The mean days of the largest follicle occurred at（7.67±0.24） and（23.22±0.28）days and were（26.44±2.37） and（40.7±2.45）mm,with daily growth rate of（2.01±0.5） and（3.15±0.6） mm·d-1,respectively.（3）The average diameter of the biggest CL was（37.61±1.58）mm and the life length of CL was（17.30±1.62）d.（4）The high concentration of E2（（46.47±9.53） pg·mL-1） lasted at from 3 d before to 2 d after ovulation,and it reached the crest value（（62.84±4.89） pg·mL-1） at 2 d befor ovulation.（5）The concentration of FSH declined significantly during the stage of the largest follicle at wave 1（7 d after ovulation）and wave 2（23 or 24 d after ovulation）with the negative feedback of E2.（6）The concentration of LH rose suddenly at

关 键 词：德州驴 超声检查 卵泡波 生殖激素 黄体 

分 类 号：S822[农业科学—畜牧学] S814.6[农业科学—畜牧兽医]