山东半岛海岸带区域土地利用变化空间格局特征  

Spatial Patterns of Land-Use Change in Coastal Zone of Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：路晓[1,2] 吴莉[1,2] 应兰兰[1,2] 侯西勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2011年第5期23-26,共4页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(kzcx2-yw-224);国家自然科学基金项目(40801016)

摘　　要：以LandsatTM／ETM＋影像为主要信息源解译山东半岛2000年和2005年的土地利用数据，应用转移矩阵、动态度、土地利用程度综合指数等方法，对距离海岸线0-100km范围的土地利用分布与变化特征进行分析。表明：海岸带耕地、草地、农村居民点和林地分布广泛；5年间城市、农村、交通工矿和水体的增加比较显著，而耕地、草地、林地和未利用地则明显减少；主导的变化机制是城镇与交通工矿扩展，侵占大量耕地并驱动草地和未利用地的开垦；土地利用分布及变化具有显著的海陆梯度特征，按照离海远近将研究区划分为不同条带，5年间各个条带中城市和交通工矿均呈增加态势，且离海越近，城市扩展态势越明显，各个条带中草地和未利用地均显著减少，且离海越近，减少的幅度越显著；2005年各条带土地利用程度综合指数均高于2000年，但空间格局基本不变，离海20—30km范围是土地利用程度的“凹陷”区域，而且5年间其向海一侧人类活动强度的增加态势显著高于其向陆一侧，这表明人类活动的向海性与向陆性及其动态发展存在比较明显的地理分异特征。Land-Use and Land-Cover Change （LUCC） is one of the most important issues of Global Change studies, it can help us understand the pace, magnitude and spatial reach of human alterations of the earth＇s land surface. Coastal zone is a very distinctive area because there is complex physical process and extensive human activities simultaneously; therefore, it has been hotspot area of multi-disciplinary studies. Land use change has remarkable impacts on Land-Ocean Interactions in the coastal zone. In this study, land use in 2000 and 2005 were classified based on l.andsat images of Shandong Peninsula, and we analyzed the spatial-temporal characters of land use change in area of less than 100 km away from the coasdine. Spatial analysis techniques, land use transition matrix, land use dynamic degree, land use degree composite index and so on were used to depict the spatial-temporal characters of land use change. It turned out that the main land use types were farmland, grassland, country and forest, the total area of these four types accounted for 89.14% and 88.33% of the whole study area in 2000 and 2005 respectively. Urban area, country, construction land and water body increased significantly while farmland, forest, grassland and unused land decreased notably, the main conversion types included grassland→farmland, farmland→urban area, farmland→country; the land-sea gradient character of the study area was very observably, we divided the whole study area into ten zones of 10 km width, the results suggested that, from 2000 to 2005, both urban area and construction land of each zone increased, and the urban area increased more significantly in the zones that adjoined to the coastline than that far from the coastline, while grassland and unused land decreased in every zone, furthermore, they decreased more significantly in the zones that adjoined to the coastline; the land use degree composite index in 2005 in each zone was higher than that in 2000, and the spatial pattern almost unchanged, zone3 （20-30 km aw

关 键 词：土地利用变化 格局特征 海岸带 山东半岛 海陆梯度 

分 类 号：F061.6[经济管理—政治经济学]