生物强化技术在油田污水处理工程中的应用  

Application of Bioaugmentation in Oilfield Wastewater Treatment Engineering

作　　者：李景全[1] 肖盟[2] 石步乾[1] 苏全[1] 杨彬[1] 李国良[1] 赵世玉[1] 唐雪冰[2] 张忠智[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化河南油田分公司第一采油厂,河南桐柏474750 [2]中国石油大学(北京)化学工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《油田化学》2011年第3期338-341,354,共5页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：随着三次采油技术的发展,油田污水的处理难度逐步增大。本文针对河南油田采出水,研究了石油磺酸盐对现场高效降解菌生长量的影响,定性分析了污水中的聚合物。结果表明,石油磺酸盐对3种降解菌的抑制作用从大到小依次为:W菌、I菌、B菌,污水中石油磺酸盐浓度应小于20 mg/L,以确保微生物的生长代谢;污水中聚丙烯酰胺的分子结构发生了一定的变化,—CONH2水解为—COOH。通过室内实验,选择尿素和有机营养制剂作为氮源,最佳用量分别为10.71和8.57 mg/L。污水处理系统启动过程中,加入尿素、有机营养制剂和天然有机营养制剂,运行25 d后的外排水各项指标均达到国家标准。With the development of tertiary oil recovery technology,the difficulty of oil wastewater treatment was gradually increased.The influence of petroleum sulfonate on the growth of degrading bacteria was studied and the structure of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide（HPAM） contained in the oilfield wastewater was analyzed quantitatively.The results showed that three hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were arranged according to their inhibiting process on the growth of microorganisms in following order： W bacterium,I bacterium and B bacterium.The content of petroleum sulfonate should be less than 20 mg/L.The structure of HPAM in the wastewater was changed.—CONH2 was hydrolyzed to —COOH partially.Based on the laboratory experiment,urea and organic nutrient were chosen as the nitrogen source and the optimal content were of 10.71 and 8.57 mg/L,respectively.By adding urea,organic nutrient and natural organic nutrient during the system start-up process,all indexes of the treated wastewater reached national discharged standard after 25 days operation.

关 键 词：生物强化技术 石油磺酸盐 聚丙烯酰胺 烃降解菌 营养制剂 工程应用 

分 类 号：TE992.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]