右美托咪啶在先天性心脏病患儿中的临床应用  

Clinical use of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease

作　　者：陆海松[1] 王晓凑[2] 晏馥霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院阜外心血管病医院麻醉科,100037 [2]昆明医学院第一附属医院麻醉科

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2011年第5期613-616,共4页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：背景右美托咪啶（dexmedetomidine，DEX）是新一代高选择性饯：肾上腺素能受体激动剂，具有镇静、镇痛和抗交感作用。虽然DEX还未被批准用于18岁以下患者，但已有许多在小儿心脏外科使用的文献报道。目的总结DEX在先天性心脏病（先心病）患儿中的临床应用近况。内容除最常用于围术期重症监护治疗外，DEX在小儿心脏外科还可用于各种诊疗时的镇静、作为麻醉辅助用药、治疗快速型室上性心动过速和治疗阿片药及苯二氮革类药物的撤药反应。趋向DEX的安全范围较宽，对呼吸影响小，特别是对心肺功能严重受损的重症先心病患儿能发挥独特的优势。Background Dexmedetomidine （DEX） is a novel highly selective OrE-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects. Although it has not been approved by the US FDA for pediatric patients under 18 years old, there are a lot of literatures focusing on its using in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. Objective This paper discusses the application of DEX in children with congenital heart disease in detail. Content The clinical applications of DEX in cardiac surgery include sedative in pediatric intensive care unit, sedation during non-invasive and invasive procedures, as part of multimodal anesthetic regimen, treatment of supraventrieular taehyarrhymias and prevention of drug withdrawal. Trend DEX is a safe drug while using in critically ill patients, with advantage of wide dose range and minimal respiratory depression.

关 键 词：右美托咪啶 先天性心脏病 小儿 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]