景观都市主义:生态策略作为城市发展转型的“种子”  

Landscape Urbanism: Eco-approaches as "Seeds" in China's Urban Transformation

作　　者：杨锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院

出　　处：《中国园林》2011年第9期47-51,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：教育部重大攻关课题"中国城市化理论重构与城市化发展战略"(编号05J2D0038)资助

摘　　要：中国的城市化正在以前所未有的尺度、速度和范围进行,其大地景观也随之发生着巨变,这给中国的风景园林师带来了巨大的机遇和挑战,他们需要:1)寻求一些设计策略和生态手段来解决环境危机并增强城市的弹性抵抗能力;2)重塑当代中国风景园林学科的文化识别性。与此同时,景观都市主义理论过去10余年在北美崛起,尽管这一理论能否适应中国的情境依然存在较大疑问,但它已经不可避免地来到了中国。更为重要的是,另一种从生态角度全面继承和发展景观都市主义的理论,即生态都市主义,正在哈佛设计界兴起。通过一系列理论和实践的分析,解读从生态规划到景观都市主义再到生态都市主义的发展历程,旨在探索其潜在的对我国城市发展转型有益的启示。China is witnessing a process of urbanization with a previously-unseen scale, speed and scope, which has caused a dramatic shift in landscape. These have also provided great challenges and opportunities for landscape architect as a profession to address the following two major issues in the coming decades： 1） finding solutions to the energy and environmental crises; 2） regaining cultural identity. In other words, landscape architects need to search for design strategies and ecological approaches to enhance the city＇s adaptive and flexible resilience to environmental crises. Landscape Urbanism, rising from North America over the past decade, has inevitably come to China, even though the theory is far from being mature and its argument needs more practical evaluation. More importantly, another updated ＂Ecological Urbanism＂ is emerging at Harvard. It not only contains whole views of Landscape Urbanism, but brings more ecological approaches as ＂seeds＂ in urban transformation. Through a serious of analyses, this paper is focusing on the evolution of ecological planning, landscape urbanism and ecological urbanism theories. It also aims to find potential inspirations that Chinese cities could learn from the Western experience.

关 键 词：风景园林 景观都市主义 生态策略 生态都市主义 城市转型 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]