中国城市化进程中的居民家庭能源消费及碳排放研究  

The Study on Household Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in China's Urbanization

作　　者：张馨[1] 牛叔文[1,2] 赵春升[1] 胡莉莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国软科学》2011年第9期65-75,共11页China Soft Science

基　　金：中国科技部国际科技合作项目(项目编号:2008DFA62040)

摘　　要：中国处于工业化快速发展阶段,能源消费和碳排放的增加是不可避免的。本文将居民家庭的能源消费分为直接和间接两部分,通过生活方式分析法测算了中国居民家庭的间接能源消费以及相应的碳排放量,研究了城乡居民家庭两部分能源消费的结构和变化趋势以及相对应的碳排放。结果表明:从2000年到2007年,城镇居民家庭的直接能耗和间接能耗都呈上升趋势,农村居民家庭的直接能耗逐年增加而间接能耗下降。在不考虑其他因素的前提下,一个农村居民转变为城市居民,将会增加能源消费量1085.26千克标煤。城镇和农村居民家庭的直接和间接能源消费结构反映了城乡居民生活水平的差异,从能源消费的变动趋势可以看出人们的消费行为逐渐由生存型消费转为发展型消费。家庭能源消费产生的碳排放总量也在逐年增长,2007年城镇居民家庭的直接能耗和间接能耗产生的碳排放量分别达到8535.04万吨和56678.76万吨,农村分别为6883.41万吨和8117.94万吨。在这种形式下,应当引导居民逐步向低碳的生活模式发展。China is in a rapidly developing stage of industrialization,it is impossible to avoid the increasing of energy consumption and carbon emissions.This paper divided the total household energy use into the direct and indirect energy use,calculated the latter by using lifestyle analysis method,and studied the structure,change trends and carbon emissions of both urban and rural households＇ direct and indirect energy use.The results show that,from 2000 to 2007,the direct and indirect energy use of urban household were both on the rise,the direct energy use of rural household was also on the rise but the indirect energy use declined.Let lone other factors that should be taken into consideration,the energy use will increase 1085.26 kgce as a rural resident move to urban area.The structure of urban and rural household direct and indirect energy use reflect the living standard gap between urban and rural residents,the change trends show that the consuming behavior was changing from survival to development.Carbon emissions produced by household energyuse was increasing by year.In 2007,carbon emissions produced by urban household direct and indirect energy use was 85.35 million tons and 566.79 million tons,in rural side they were 68.83 million tons and 81.18 million tons.Under this condition,it would be better to guide and encourage the residents live in a low-carbon family life.

关 键 词：居民家庭 直接能源消费 间接能源消费 碳排放 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]