留学生群体与南京国民政府的兵器工业  

The Returned Students Group and the Weapon Industry During the Nanjing Government

作　　者：赵可[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学人文与社会科学学院,湖南长沙410074

出　　处：《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第5期6-12,共7页Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地2006年度重大项目"中国留学生与民国社会发展"(06JJD770014)成果之一

摘　　要：南京国民政府时期兵器工业初步形成体系,成为研习军事科技留学生高度集中的工业部门。大批相关专业的留学生在兵器工业部门担任主管官员和技术骨干,为兵器工业的发展提供了雄厚的技术支持和有力的人才保障。他们在建立兵器科研机构进行新兵器及兵器制造技术研究,筹建新兵工厂应对日本军国主义侵略,组织兵工厂内迁建立后方兵工基地以支持长期抗战,改进兵器性能和生产工艺并试制急需的新型兵器,发展兵器学术并培育兵工人才等诸多方面,为南京国民政府时期的兵器工业发展作出了突出贡献,有力地支援了全民族抗战对兵器的需要,也改变了近代中国在兵器科技方面单纯引进西方的局面。作为留学生集聚程度最高的行业之一,兵器工业中军事科技留学生的卓越表现和人生经历堪称民国时期留学生群体的典范。In the Nanjing national government period the weapon industry had become a primary system and an industry department highly concentrated with returned students who were studying the military science and technology.Many students on relevant specialties were officers in charge and technical leaders in the weapon industry department,and provide a strong technical aiding and effective personnel support for the weapon industry development.They made remarkable contributions to the Nanjing national government weapon industry,including the establishment of the scientific research institutions to study the new weapons and weapon manufacturing technology,the building of new arsenal to resist the Japanese militarist aggression,the organization of moving and building a backside arsenal basement,the improvement of weapon performance and craft and the trial-manufacturing of new needed weapons,and the development of weapon academy and cultivating ordnance talents.They effectively responded to the weapon requirement of national war,and also changed the situation of merely introducing western weapon technology.As one of the industries with the most concentrated returned students,the weapon industry where the excellent behavior and experiences of these returned military technology students could be regarded as the model of returned students in National Government period.

关 键 词：军事科技 留学生群体 国民政府 兵器工业 

分 类 号：K262.9[历史地理—历史学]