固体超强碱催化乙醇酯化生物油  

STUDY ON UPGRADING BIO-OIL BY ETHANOL CATALYTIC ESTERIFICATION WITH SOLID SUPER BASE

作　　者：徐玉福[1,2] 胡献国[1,2] 李川[1] 周士帝[1] 朱锡锋[3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学摩擦学研究所,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学能源与动力研究所,合肥230009 [3]中国科学技术大学安徽省生物质洁净能源重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2011年第9期1361-1364,共4页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(11040606Q37);国家自然科学基金(50875071);合肥工业大学科研发展基金(080204F)

摘　　要：利用固体超强碱KF/γ-Al_2O_3为催化剂,以乙醇与生物油中的有机酸酯化反应为基础,探讨催化酯化对生物油的提质改性效果。考察了改质前后生物油的基本理化性能,采用四球摩擦磨损试验机研究了改质前后生物油的摩擦学性能,利用GC-MS分析了其酯化前后生物油的组成。结果表明:催化酯化反应后的生物油的运动粘度和酸值降低,抗磨和减摩性能提高,酯化后的生物油中酸类成份含量降低、酯类成份含量明显增大。醇油质量比为2:1,50℃温度下采用固体超强碱KF/γ-Al_2O_3催化酯化反应2h,反应前后相比,油品酸值降低了29.08%、平均摩擦系数降低了32.53%、磨斑直径减小了11.79%。A novel catalytic esterification method over solid super base catalysts was used to upgrade the properties of bio-oil based on the model reaction of acid and ethanol. The solid super base acid catalysts KF/γ-Al2O3 was selected for esterification reaction. The basic physioehemieal properties of the bio-oil were investigated. The fiction and wear properties of the bio-oil before and after esterification were tested on a four-ball tribometer, and also the chemical components were analysized by GC/MS. It shows that dynamic viscosity and acid value of the bio-oil de- creased after modification, at the same time, the friction-reducing and anti-wear performances were improved. GC-MS analysis showed that the contents of organic acids decreases with the ester content increasing, that is, the acids are converted to esters during the catalytic esterification process. When the mass ratio of ethanol and bio-oil is 2： 1 , the esterifications reacts 2 hours under the 50℃ with KF/γ-Al2O3 as catalysts, the acid number, average friction coefficients and wear sear diameter of the bio-oil reduced 29.08% , 32.53% , 11.79% , respectively. All of those proved that the properties of bio-oil are improved. The ethanol catalytic esterification over solid super base is a promising method in upgrading bio-oil.

关 键 词：生物油 催化酯化 固体超强碱 改质 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]