安徽省江淮地区直播油菜氮肥效应研究  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Direct-seeding Rapeseed in Jianghuai Region,Anhui

作　　者：武际[1,2] 胡鹏[3] 杨友斌[3] 许征宇[1] 张晓玲[1] 郭熙盛[1,2] 鲁剑巍[4] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽省巢湖市居巢区农业技术推广中心,安徽巢湖238000 [4]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第27期16593-16594,16600,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2010BAD01B05);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-005)

摘　　要：[目的]探明安徽省江淮地区直播油菜适宜氮肥用量。[方法]采用田间试验研究方法,研究施用氮肥对直播油菜产量、氮肥利用率和经济效益的影响。[结果]施用氮肥对直播油菜有显著的增产效应。在3个不同土壤肥力的试验田块,处理N360均获得最高产量。提高氮肥用量,则油菜的氮肥偏生产力降低,而氮肥农学利用率变化无明显规律。油菜施用氮肥后的经济效益显著,处理N360产值和施肥效益最高,分别为7 494.95和6 234.95元/hm2。产投比以处理N270最高,为3.12。[结论]试验条件下,安徽省江淮地区直播油菜氮肥适宜用量的范围为270～360 kg/hm2。[Objective] The research aimed to study the appropriate nitrogen amunt of direct-seeding rapeseed in Jianghuai Region,Anhui.[Method]The field trials were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer supply on yield,N use efficiency and economic benefits of direct-seeding rapeseed.[Result] N fertilizer could increase the yield of direct-seeding rapeseed significantly.Rapeseed yield was improved with the increase of the amount of N fertilizer.The treatment N360 achieved the highest yield in the three test plots.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,partial factor productivity was decreased.But there was no obvious rule about the N agronomic use efficiency.The results also showed that nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the economic benefits of direct-seeding rapeseed.The treatment N360 achieved the maximum income and net profit of 7 494.95 and 6 234.95 yuan/hm2,respectively,while the treatment N270 achieved the best VCR of 3.12.[Conclusion]The appropriate nitrogen amount was 270-360 kg/hm2 in Jianghuai Region,Anhui under the condition of this experiment.

关 键 词：直播油菜 氮肥 产量 氮肥利用率 经济效益 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]