微差爆破降震效果影响因素分析  

Analysis of influence factors of interference vibration reduction of millisecond blasting

作　　者：陈士海[1,2] 燕永峰[1] 戚桂峰[1] 张现坤[1] 张伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学土木建筑学院,山东青岛266510 [2]山东科技大学山东省土木工程防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266510

出　　处：《岩土力学》2011年第10期3003-3008,共6页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(No.50878123);青岛市建设事业科技发展项目资助(No.JK2010-2)

摘　　要：依托单段实测爆破振动信号,借助Matlab软件编程,分析了特性各异的子信号在不同微差时间下叠加信号的时频特征,通过引入"降幅率"和"振速比例"的概念,提出了微差爆破叠加信号各特性随微差时间、起爆顺序及子信号特性的变化规律。分析发现,使叠加信号达到一定降幅率的时差并非某一具体时差点,而是多个间断的时差区间,其主频随微差时间的不同呈阶跃锯齿型变化;合理微差时间下,两单段信号的振动特性越相近,干扰降震效果越明显;若装药已定,优先起爆小药量的段别所达到的降震效果更佳。现场试验数据显示,研究结果基本符合微差爆破的现实运作规律。Based on the measured single deck blast vibration signals,time frequency characteristics were analyzed of the superposition signal of the single deck signals with various features by MATLAB programming,and,through introducing the concept of amplitude reduction ratio and vibration velocity ratio,the variation law of characteristics of the superposition signal in millisecond blasting with the delay time,detonating sequence and properties of the seed-signal is put forward.It is found that time difference of the superposition signal arriving at a certain amplitude reduction ratio is not a specific moveout point but many intermittent time difference sections.Meanwhile,dominant frequency variates in a step sawtooth pattern with the difference of the delay time.Under rational millisecond time,the more similar the vibration characteristics of two seed-signals are,the more evident the interference vibration reduction effect is.If charge weight is designated,vibration reduction effect is much better when the segment with small charge quantity is detonated prior to others.And the measured test data in site reflect that the research results basically accord with the practical operation laws of millisecond blasting.

关 键 词：爆破振动 波形叠加 微差时间 时频特征 干扰降震 爆破 

分 类 号：O381[理学—流体力学]