中性盐电解提取钢中微细夹杂物研究  

Study on the extraction of tiny inclusions in steel by neutral salt electrolysis

作　　者：邓军华[1,2] 孔祥华[2] 王帅[2] 翟旭[2] 刘虎[2] 沈奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]鞍山钢铁集团技术中心,辽宁鞍山114009 [2]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《冶金分析》2011年第8期6-11,共6页Metallurgical Analysis

摘　　要：提出了一种在实验室环境下,以6 g/L柠檬酸钠、10 g/L氯化钠、30 g/L硫酸亚铁,10g/L氟化铵为电解液,石墨板为阴极电解提取钢中夹杂物的方法。用该方法对管线钢和电工钢中夹杂物提取后,分别用扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪对夹杂物进行形貌观察和成分分析。结果显示,在获得的管线钢的微细夹杂物中存在大量球状的纳米级夹杂物,这些夹杂物是低碳贝氏体钢中的弥散强化相,含有强韧化合金元素,对管线钢落锤性能具有重要影响;在获得电工钢的非金属夹杂物中存在变形夹杂物,在钢的轧制过程中变成片状,对钢的轧制性能具有影响。由于本法不仅能够提取一些对于钢材有危害性的碳化物夹杂物,还可以提取其他容易在酸碱条件下被侵蚀掉的细小夹杂物,且夹杂物形貌保存完整,成分不受电解液的影响,因此可用于对组织纯净度要求较高的低碳贝氏体钢、电工钢等钢种的夹杂物分析。An extraction method of tiny inclusions in steel by electrolysis in laboratory environment was proposed.In this method,6 g/L sodium citrate,10 g/L sodium chloride,30 g/L ferrous sulfate and 10 g/L ammonium fluoride were used as electrolyte,and graphite plate was used as the cathode.After extracting the inclusions in pipe line steel and electrical steel by this method,the morphology observation and component analysis of inclusions were conducted using scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy disperse spectroscopy.The results showed that many spherical nano-inclusions existed in the obtained tiny inclusions from pipe line steel.These inclusions were the dispersion strengthening phase in low-carbon bainite steel.They contained strengthening and toughening alloy elements,and had important influence on the drop weight property of pipe line steel.The obtained non-metallic inclusions from electrical steel contained some deformed inclusions.They would be changed to plate shape in the rolling process of steel,which had influence on the rolling property of steel.This method not only could extract some carbide inclusions which were harmful to steel,but also could extract other tiny inclusions which were corroded in acid or alkaline conditions.Moreover,the morphology of inclusions was completely kept,and the composition was not influenced by electrolyte.Therefore,this method could be used for the inclusion analysis of low-carbon bainite steel and electrical steel which had high requirements on structure purity.

关 键 词：电解 中性盐 夹杂物 管线钢 电工钢 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]