矿山地质灾害链及其断链减灾实践研究  

Geological Hazard Chains and Practice of Chain-cutting Disaster Mitigation in Coal Mining Area

作　　者：王卓理[1] 耿鹏旭[1] 王海荣 

机构地区：[1]平顶山学院环境与地理科学系,河南平顶山467000 [2]南省有色金属地质矿产局第二地质大队,郑州450016

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2011年第5期156-160,共5页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：河南省科技厅科技攻关计划项目(102102110137);低山丘陵生态环境与生态修复重点实验室项目

摘　　要：矿山地质灾害链是由采空区灾害链、矸石灾害链、矿井水灾害链、矿井瓦斯灾害链和高温热害灾害链等组成,它是由煤炭开采活动引发的灾害链,结构上属于树枝状灾链。分析了矿山地质灾害链的链式效应特点以及地质灾害链之间的协同作用、时间和空间分布的复杂多样性以及承灾体类型的多样性等。矿山地质灾害链的承灾体随着灾害链的延伸类型趋多,在其减灾措施中宜在上游的链环上采取措施,以便获得较好的经济效益。针对矿山地质灾害链的特点提出了控制灾害链源头的发生和危害、切断灾害链等措施,并在平顶山煤矿山进行了实践。The geological hazard chain in coal mining area was studied.It was put forward that the geological hazard chain was composed of the chains of the mined-out area,the gangue,the water of well,the gas and the high temperature in the mining well.The geological hazard chain was aroused by coal mining and it belongs to the tree hazard chain by virtue of its structure.The characteristics of the geological hazard chain were analyzed： chain-form,interaction among them,complexity of occurrence and movement and diversity of disaster acceptor.The disaster acceptors are increased as the extending of the geological hazard chain.In order to get obvious economic benefit,mitigation measures should be taken at the headstream of the chains.The measures,holding back the primary disasters of the headstream and cutting disaster chains,are proposed according to the characteristics of the geological hazard chains.Case studies from Pingdingshan coal mining area show that these measures are efficiency.

关 键 词：矿山 地质灾害链 链式效应 断链减灾 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]