2009年3月28日广州大暴雨的物理过程分析  

Diagnostic Analysis of Heavy Torrential Rain Event on March 28,2009 in Guangzhou

作　　者：李茵茵[1] 张维[1] 温晶[1] 黄忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州中心气象台,广东广州510080

出　　处：《广东气象》2011年第4期7-11,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：广东省气象局气象科技项目(2008C01)

摘　　要：2009年3月28日傍晚,珠江三角洲北部佛山、广州至惠州一线出现了暴雨到大暴雨和强对流天气。用常规观测资料、珠江三角洲中尺度观测网资料的自动站和雷达资料以及NCEP 1×1的再分析资料,对造成这次严重城市积涝的突发性暴雨进行分析。分析发现:此次的强降水过程发生在高空短波槽前、低空切变线南侧的西南、偏南气流辐合区和锋面低槽暖区内。西南暖湿气流的加强及南海北部大风中心的存在,提供了有利的水汽条件和风速的辐合。物理量分析结果显示,850 hPa的水汽辐合和南风加大引起的风速辐合,为此次强降水提供了充足的水汽条件和动力作用。暴雨发生时有明显的辐合上升运动存在,但上升运动主要体现在低层上。另外,高空冷平流下传叠加在低层暖湿空气上,使得大气层结更加不稳定,有利于强对流的发生发展。A heavy torrential rain swept across northern Pearl River Delta in the evening of March 28, 2009. Data of Conventional observation, AWS （Automatic Weather Station） and the Doppler radar, as well as the NCEP （ 1×1 degree） reanalysis data, are used to investigate the severe urban flood inducing rain event. Result shows that it is a convergence line associated warm sector torrential rain event occurring in the south flank of low level wind shear and ahead of the westerly short-wave trough. Strengthening of the southwest moist stream and the maintenance of high wind center over northern South China Sea contributed to the convergence of velocity and moist, which is favorable for the initialization of the heavy precipitation. Convergence brought significant low level updraft at the beginning of the event. And high level cold advection overlapping the warm and moist air mass in lower level further increased the instability for the development of the convection.

关 键 词：天气学 暴雨 物理过程 低槽 水汽辐合 广州 

分 类 号：P44[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]