火烧和刈割耙除对草原土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of burning and raking on soil properties of steppe

作　　者：原烨[1] 张钊[1] 赵宁[1] 张永娟[1] 粱虹 戎郁萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学系,北京100193

出　　处：《草业科学》2011年第10期1770-1776,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项农牧交错带草地承载力与家畜配置(200903060);牧区家庭牧场资源优化配置技术模式试验与示范(201003019)

摘　　要：本研究探讨草地植被恢复中刈割耙除是否可以成为代替火烧的措施。结果表明,与对照相比,火烧、刈割耙除均可提高土壤温度,火烧5、10cm土层土壤温度升高2.26℃,刈割耙除可增加1.48℃;火烧提高15、20cm土层土壤温度1.74℃,刈割耙除可提高0.87℃;与对照相比,火烧和刈割耙除均可显著降低土壤大于0.25mm团聚体的含量,但火烧和刈割耙除两者间的差异不显著(P>0.05);火烧和刈割耙除均可显著降低土壤有机碳和全氮含量(P<0.05),土壤有机碳和全氮含量均表现为对照>刈割耙除>火烧;连续火烧分别可使0～10cm、10～20cm土壤有机碳降低11.69、8.00g/kg,全氮降低0.633、0.752g/kg;连续多年刈割对土壤有机碳和全氮的影响均弱于火烧;火烧可使土壤0～10cm的碳氮比降低(P<0.05),刈割耙除对其影响不大。An experiment was conducted to examine if raking was an alternative management strategy to replace burning by comparing the effect of burning and raking on soil properties of steppe. This study showed that the burning and the annual mowing-raking increased soil temperature by about 2.26 ℃ and 1.48 ℃ at 5 cm and 10 cm depth, and 1.74 ℃ and 0.87 ℃ at 15 cm and 20 cm depth, respectively, and that the burning and the mowing-raking significantly reduced the content of soil micro-aggregate （P 0.05）, the diameter of which was over 0.25 mm. However, no significant difference in soil micro-aggregate was found between burning and annual mowing-raking. The burning and mowing-raking significantly decreased the organic carbon and total N （P〈0.05）, and the burning decreased more soil organic carbon and total N than the mowing-raking did. Annual burning reduced soil organic carbon by 11.69 g/kg at the 10 cm depth and 8.00 g/kg at the 20 cm depth, and reduced total N by 0. 633 g/kg at the 10 cm depth and 0. 752 g/kg at the 20 cm depth, while annual mowing-raking decreased less soil organic carbon and total N had than burning did. This study also showed that the burning decreased the C/N ratios of soil at the 10 cm depth（P〈0.05）, while mowing-raking did not affect the C/N ratios of soil.

关 键 词：火烧 刈割耙除 土壤团聚体 有机碳 全氮 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]