裘卫器铭中的公社与礼制——西周时期法律关系设立的再思考  

Reconsiderations of the Establishment of the Legal Relations in the Western Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：王沛[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海200042

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第5期48-54,共7页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目:"早期中国的法秩序:以金文资料为基础的研究"(项目号:09CFX012)

摘　　要：西周时期礼制的法律功能,乃是从礼仪程序中体现出来的。从九年卫鼎铭文中可以发现,西周时期法律关系的设立和礼仪程序密切相关。裘卫器铭(九年卫鼎)中"公社"成员的出现,是社会发生变化后,礼制试图扩张自己的领地,继续充当法律角色的表现。礼制通过严格的程序形式确定双方的权利义务关系,起到约束双方行为的作用;所谓的"刑书"也必须以礼制性程序订立、公布,由此获得其自身的合法性。礼制程序的法律作用在春秋以后开始减弱,不依赖礼制的成文条款开始在法律世界中占据统治地位,"弃礼而征于书"的刑书即为其标志。Legal functions of the ritual system in Western Zhou Dynasty were manifested from etiquette procedures. From inscriptions in the nineth year of King Gong＇ s reign in Western Zhou Dynasty we can find that the establishment of the legal relations in Western Zhou Dynasty was closely related to ritual procedures. The appearance of the ＂commune＂ members among the inscriptions in the nineth year of King Gong＇ s reign demonstrated that after some social changes the ritual system attempted to expand its own scope and to continue playing the role of law. The ritual system stipulated the relationship between rights and obligations of the two parties through rigorous procedural forms, which functioned as a restraint on both sides＇ behaviour. The so -called ＂penal code＂ must be made and promulgated through ritual procedures before it can gain its own legality. After the Spring and Autumn Period, the legal functions of the ritual procedures began to decline, and written provisions began to dominate in the legal world.

关 键 词：九年卫鼎 公社 礼制 法律关系 

分 类 号：DF092[政治法律—法学理论]