中国区域农业生产用能特征及经济效益研究  

The agricultural energy use and economic benefits in China

作　　者：胡莉莉[1] 牛叔文[1] 马莉[1] 秦静[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第10期1-6,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国国际科技合作项目:中国黄土丘陵地区农村生活能源消费的环境经济效应研究(项目编号:2008DFA62040)资助

摘　　要：为全面反映我国不同区域农业生产用能特征和效率,以及对农业经济促进作用,文中对比分析了1990-2007年间全国及各地区农业生产用能水平、结构、变化趋势、利用效率、对农业贡献度及弹性系数等情况。结果表明,各地区农业生产用能水平从东往西逐渐减小;在用能结构中有机能依然占有一定份额,以西部地区最大,东部地区则更偏向于无机能使用。在能源利用效率和节能潜力研究中,西部地区需要进一步加快农业现代化发展速度,增加农业生产用能;东部地区农业现代化比较普及,则需要提高能效,降低能耗。农业生产用能对农业产值贡献度分析中,东、中、西部化肥、电力、燃油贡献度较高,其中化肥贡献率最大。在研究期内,东部地区在1990年以后农业生产用能对农业经济增长促进作用明显,而西部地区和中部地区在1995年以后二者关系逐渐显著。以上研究为我国农业生产用能效率提高和农业增产提供理论支持,对区域农业生产用能利用方式提供借鉴,最终为更好的推动我国现代农业可持续发展提供指导。To completely reflect the regional characteristics of Chinese agricultural energy use,and the promotion to the agricultural economy,we comparatively analyzed the level、structure、trend、using efficiency for agricultural production and contribution to agriculture in regions of China from 1990 to 2007.The results showed that agricultural energy consumption decreased in turn from east to west in China.The western region was the biggest consumer for organic energy while eastern region was favored for using inorganic energy.For the energy using efficiency and energy saving potential,the western region was needed to increase speed of agricultural modernization and energy use for agricultural production.However,the eastern region was needed to improve energy efficiency and decrease energy consumption.As to the contribution to agriculture from energy use,the contribution degree of fertilizer、electric power、fuel were very high and fertilizer was the highest.During the study period,the promotion of energy use to agricultural economic growth was obvious in eastern region after 1990 while central and western region was obvious after 1995.Based on these work above,it can provides scientific basis for promoting the efficiency of agricultural energy use and healthy development of agriculture in China.

关 键 词：区域 农业 生产用能 结构 效率 节能 经济效益 

分 类 号：F30[经济管理—产业经济]