万寿菊属不同品种初花期抗旱特性分析  

Analysis of Drought Tolerance of Marigold Cultivars at Early Flowering Stage

作　　者：田治国[1] 王飞[2] 张文娥[2,3] 刘长命[2,4] 赵秀明[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨陵712100 [3]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025 [4]陕西商洛市农业科学研究所,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第7期1390-1399,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家林业局社会公益项目(200704009);陕西省农业攻关项目(2009K01-11)

摘　　要：以万寿菊属(Tagetes)9个品种为试验材料,研究了自然持续干旱胁迫对它们初花期的花最大直径、叶色、旱害指数等形态指标以及叶绿素含量(Chl a+b,Ch a/b)、叶片相对含水量(RWC)、叶片保水力(WHC)、叶片和花的脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标的影响,以揭示其抗旱特性及其生理机制.结果显示:(1)持续6d干旱胁迫条件下,万寿菊9个品种花的最大直径显著降低,叶绿素含量和相对含水量均呈明显下降趋势.(2)万寿菊叶片的脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均呈上升趋势;而花的脯氨酸含量持续上升,可溶性蛋白含量呈下降趋势,但可溶性糖含量变化趋势复杂.(3)万寿菊旱害指数与其叶片相对含水量、叶绿素总含量、叶片和花的脯氨酸含量、叶片可溶性蛋白含量呈极显著相关.研究表明,抗旱性强的品种可以通过调节自身的渗透调节物质含量减轻干旱伤害;9个品种初花期抗旱性强弱依次为:珍妮>金门>鸿运>拳王>巨人>发现>小英雄>大英雄>迪阿哥.The effects of drought stress on the leaf color,flower diameter,leaf chlorophyll content（Chl a＋b,Chl a/b）,relative water content,water-holding capacity,free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents were studied in nine marigold cultivars by reducing soil water.The results showed that the biggest flower diameter,leaf chlorophyll content and relative water content decreased under the 6 d water stress.Free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents of leaves increased significantly,while free proline content in petals increased,soluble protein content of petals declined,and the changes of soluble sugar content of petals were complicated with improved drought stress resistance.The path coefficient analysis showed a significant correlation between drought index and relative water content,leaf chlorophyll content,free proline content in leaves and petals,soluble protein content in leaves.The results gave conclusions that the drought tolerance cultivars could adjust osmotic adjustment substance to avoid water drought harms.Additionally,the drought tolerance of 9 cultivars decreased in the order of ‘Janie’‘Gate Gold’‘Bonanza’‘Chokdee’‘Giant’‘Discovery’‘Little Hero’‘Great Hero’‘Durango’.

关 键 词：万寿菊 干旱胁迫 初花期 抗旱性 渗透调节 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]