医院感染病原体分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections and drug resistance

作　　者：徐叶进[1] 汪建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]金华市中心医院感染科,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第19期4165-4167,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨2007-2009年医院感染病原体的分布及其耐药性,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对临床分离的2741株病原体构成及其耐药情况进行分析。结果共检出2741株病原体,革兰阴性菌占45.57%,革兰阳性菌占36.08%,但革兰阳性菌引起医院感染的比例逐年升高;感染部位以呼吸道、泌尿道为主;易感因素以抗菌药物使用、侵入性操作常见;革兰阳性菌对常用抗菌药耐药率高,但对万古霉素敏感;常见革兰阴性菌对一、二、三代头孢菌素耐药率较高,对氨基糖苷类、碳青霉烯类、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂耐药率较低。结论医院感染监控应从感染科室、感染部位、易感因素等多方面进行,减少侵入性操作,合理使用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of hospital pathogens and associated drug resistance in recent 3 years,thereby providing rational basis for the clinical options of antibiotics.METHODS Data of 2741 strains of bacteria separated from 2007 to 2009 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS A total of 2741 strains of microorganisms were detected.The results suggested that the G-bacteria remained to be the major pathogen in our hospital.However,the hospital infection by G＋ bacteria showed an increasing trend.the G-bacteria accounted for 45.57%,the G＋ bacteria accounted for 36.08%,The primary site of infection was respiratory tract,followed by urinary tract.The most commonly involved were hematological system and oncological conditions,The primary predisposing factor was the antibiotic use,followed by invasive procedures.G＋ bacteria was highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobials.The common G-bacteria was resistant to the first,second and third generation cephalosporin.Fortunately,their resistance to aminoglycoside,carbapenems and β lactamase inhibitors was relatively low.CONCLUSION The control and monitoring of the nosocomial infection should be carried out from aspects of department,infection sites,predisposing factors.Practically,the nosocomial infection can be lowered by strategies of decreasing invasive procedures and appropriate use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：医院感染 病原体 构成 耐药性 监测 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]