蔬菜作物轮作对嫁接西瓜植株生理代谢与生长的影响  

Effects of Rotation with Vegetables on Physiological Metabolism and Growth of Grafted Watermelon

作　　者：盛萍萍[1] 宋尚成[1] 李敏[1] 刘润进[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学菌根生物技术研究所,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期205-209,共5页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD12B03);青岛市自然科学基金项目(09-1-3-57-jch);山东省农业重大应用技术创新资金资助

摘　　要：以山东昌乐连作20年西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)的土壤为对照,比较轮作大葱(Allium fistulosum)、大蒜(Alliumsativum)和芹菜(Apium graveolens)土壤对嫁接西瓜部分生理代谢与生长的影响,结果表明,轮作可以提高嫁接西瓜根系活力和生长量,其中以种植芹菜的处理根系活力最高,生长量最大,其茎粗、地下部鲜重、单株叶片数和根系活力分别比连作西瓜处理(对照)增加10.7%、20.3%、10.5%和38.8%;轮作大葱、大蒜和芹菜处理的西瓜叶片叶绿素含量显著高于对照,其中轮作芹菜增加最多,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别比对照增加了24.9%和17.8%;连作西瓜处理的嫁接西瓜叶片净光合速率明显低于其他处理;轮作处理显著提高嫁接西瓜根和叶的SOD、POD、CAT活性,而降低MDA活性,其中轮作芹菜处理中嫁接西瓜叶片的MDA含量降低最多,为9.1%。结论认为,轮作可以改善嫁接西瓜生理代谢和生长,有效减轻连作危害。With the continuous cropping 20 years soil of watermelon which was collected from the Chanle County, Shandong Province as control, we studied the effect to physiological metabolism and growing of grafting watermelon in the rotation soil of leeks garlic, and celery, Results showed that rotation could increase root activity and growth of grafting watermelon, and the rotation treatment with celery was the best, of which stem diameter, fresh weight of root, leaf numbers per plant and root activity were increased 10.7%, 20.3%, 10.5%, 38.8% respectively comparing with the control. The leaf chlorophyll content of grafted watermelon grown in rotation soil of leeks, garlic, and celery was significantly higher than that of the control, and grown in rotation soil of celery increased most, Chlorophyll A and Chlorophyll B increased 24.9% and 17.8% respectively comparing with the control. Net photosynthetic rate of the control was inferior to others. The rotation was proved to CAT, decreasing the contents of MDA, and it reduce most in the lamina of increase the activity of SOD, grafted watermelon in rotation celery, which is 9.1%. It was concluded that rotation could improve physiological metablism and watermelon and reducing replant disease.

关 键 词：轮作 西瓜 嫁接 连作土 生理指标 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]