基于可控性柱面网壳结构主动控制作动器布置的优化研究  

Optimal placement of actuators for active vibration control of cylindrical reticulated shells based on controllability

作　　者：王社良[1] 田秀婷[1] 代建波[1] 赵祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2011年第9期50-54,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目(90715003);国家自然科学基金项目(10972168);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(200807030002;20096120120005)

摘　　要：利用磁致伸缩材料的磁控特性制作的作动器可以对结构进行主动控制。首先分析了这种作动器的工作原理和设计方法,并通过实验对其进行了输出性能测试。接着在对作动器进行动力学建模的基础上,推导出整个柱面网壳结构的作动控制方程,同时基于作动效率,提出了不依赖于控制方法的位置优化准则,并且在综合考虑控制效果系数、硬件成本和系统复杂性等因素的基础上,初步确定了作动器的数量,然后采用遗传算法,对作动器的布置位置进行了优化。最后利用LQR主动控制算法,对一柱面网壳模型结构进行了主动控制分析。结果表明,通过优化布置的作动器能够有效地减小结构的动力反应,是一种较好的主动控制方法。此外,主动控制模拟结果也验证了应用遗传算法优化此类问题的优越性和可靠性。According to the magnetic control characteristics of giant magnetostrictive material（GMM）,a smart actuator was designed,which can permit an active vibration control of the structure.The working principle and design method of the actuator were introduced,and its output performance was tested.Based on the dynamic modeling of actuators,the actuating control equation was derived for the whole cylindrical reticulated shell system.Meanwhile,with a view to actuating efficiency,the position optimizing criterion independent of control method was presented.In comprehensively considering the control effect,hardware cost,system complexity and other factors,the number of actuators was determined preliminarily,and then the placement of actuators was optimized using genetic algorithm.By use of LQR active control algorithm,the active vibration control was performed on the cylindrical reticulated shell.The analytical results show that the optimal placement of actuators can efficiently reduce the dynamic response of the structure,and can desirably realize the active vibration control.Additionally,the simulated results of the active control demonstrate the superiority and reliability of application of genetic algorithm to such problems.

关 键 词：主动控制 超磁致伸缩材料 作动杆 遗传算法 柱面网壳 

分 类 号：TU399[建筑科学—结构工程]