华南早寒武世黑色岩系Ni-Mo多金属矿床成因研究进展  

A Review on Origin of Ni—Mo Polymetallic Deposits in Lower Cambrian Black Rock Series in South China

作　　者：施春华[1] 曹剑[1] 胡凯[1] 韩善楚[1] 边立曾[1] 姚素平[1] 

机构地区：[1]内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室(南京大学),南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210093

出　　处：《地质论评》2011年第5期718-730,共13页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(编号40638042);内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室研究项目(编号2008-II-07);核资源与环境教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(编号090902)的成果

摘　　要：通过调研分析我国华南早寒武世黑色岩系Ni—Mo多金属矿床成因研究的现状,述评了这一领域的研究进展,提出了今后深化研究值得加强的方向。将已有提出的矿床成因模式总体归纳为5种观点:陨石撞击同沉积、岩浆火山碎屑、海水、热水、多源,并且认为目前主要侧重于对热水和海水两种成因的研究,这两方面积累的证据较多,争议也较大。结合生物有机质在矿床形成过程中起到了重要作用,即生物有机成矿作用,认为矿床成因复杂,受到热水、海水、生物有机质的多元复合作用。总体而言,各种矿床成因观点均各有证据支持,但因成矿过程复杂,成矿地质作用多样,所以尚不能够完全全面、合理地揭示成矿过程,仍有待进一步深入工作;建议加强原位实验分析测试技术的应用和矿床成因研究的时空对比。这些认识为存在诸多争议和不确定性的该领域研究提供了参考,并且因这一分析对象是全球黑色岩系矿床的一个典型实例,所以认识可望具有普遍参考意义。The origin of Ni—Mo polymetallic deposits hosted in Lower Cambrian black rock series in South China was reviewed in this paper.Future research directions were further suggested based on the review.In general,the origin can be summarized and divided into five perspectives,including meteoritic impact syndeposition,magma volcanic collapse,sea water,hydrothermal water,and multiple sources.The present works are focused mainly on the sea water and hydrothermal water origins.They have relatively large amount of evidence.However,the issue still has disputes.In addition,bioorganisms and organic matters have important impacts on the formation of the deposits.This is so-called bio-organic mineralization.Thus,we propose that the formation of the deposits has complex mineralization processes,including sea water,hydrothermal water and organic matters.Each of these three different ore genetic models has evidence,but cannot fully comprehensively and reasonably address the formation process due to the complexity of mineralization.Therefore,more studies are needed.Two important directions were suggested,i.e.in-situ experimental analyses and temporal and spatial correlation.These understandings provide reference information for the study with large uncertainties and disputes.Moreover,they likely have wide implications as the deposits discussed here are a representative of mineral deposits associated with black rock series worldwide.

关 键 词：Ni—Mo多金属矿床 黑色岩系 热水成矿 海水成矿 生物有机成矿 下寒武统 华南 

分 类 号：P618.2[天文地球—矿床学]