早期综合护理干预对NICU早产儿出院后发育的影响  

Influence of early synthesized nursing on the growth of discharged premature infants

作　　者：吴万云[1] 黄金华[1] 温晓红[1] 吴丽[1] 姚维芳[1] 王水云[1] 胡玉萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市第一人民医院新生儿科,230061

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2011年第25期3000-3002,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨早期系统的医院综合护理干预对新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）早产儿出院后发育的影响。方法将符合标准的NICU出院早产儿256例分为干预组148例和对照组108例。干预组除接受常规育儿指导外，还进行早期评估、定期随访和早期综合护理干预；对照组只接受常规育儿指导。采用小儿神经心理发育定期两组的粗大运动、精细运动、适应能力、语言、社交能力发育商和总体发育商进行评估。结果经早期综合护理干预定期评估后，干预组在出生后第6，12、18和24个月时，以上各项评估指标均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；干预组出现脑瘫1例，其粗大运动功能分级（gmfcs）为3级，脑瘫发生率为0．71％（1／148）；对照组出现脑瘫5例，cmfcs分级3级1例、Ⅳ级4级，脑瘫发生率为5．1％（5／98），两组比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=4．1516，P〈0．05）。结论早期医院定期评估及早期综合护理干预能有效地提高NICU早产儿出院后的发育商，降低脑性瘫痪的发生率，减轻神经行为缺陷程度。Objective To explore the influence of early synthesized nursing on the growth of premature infants in NICU after leaving hospital. Methods 256 premature babies that complied with the standard were randomly divided into the experimental group which contained 148 cases and the control group which contained 108 babies. Both the two groups received traditional child rearing guidance, besides that only the experimental group received early evaluation, periodical following-up and early synthesized nursing. Using the neumpsychological development examination table, all children in the two groups were investigated and compared on gross movement, fine movement, adaption capability, language, social behavior and total growth. Results All the indexes in experimental group in six months, twelve months, eighteen months and twenty-four months after bern were higher than in control group due to the synthesized nursing, and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups （P 〈 0. 05 ） one child got cerebral palsy in experimental group, and its gmfcs was the 3rd grade, the incidence was 0.71% （1/148）, but five cerebral palsy cases in control group, one got the 3rd grade and four children got the 4th grade, the incidence was 5.1% （5/98）, there was statistically significant difference（ X^2 = 4.151 6, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Early hospital evaluation and early synthesized nursing can improve the growth of premature babies after leaving hospital, it also can reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy and relieve the neural behavior deficiency level

关 键 词：重症监护病房 新生儿 婴儿 早产 生长和发育 早期护理干预 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]