采伐干扰下长白山阔叶红松林优势树种生态位变化动态  

Effect of Harvesting on Niche Dynamics of Main Arborous Species in Broadleaved-Korean Pine Mixed Forests in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：王惠[1] 李倩[1] 韩雪梅[1] 邵国凡 代力民[3] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学,济南250022 [2]Purdue University [3]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2011年第10期18-20,53,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(200902569);面上资助项目(20070421082);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009DM028);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J11LB17)

摘　　要：利用Levins、Hurlbert和Pianka生态位指数分析了采伐干扰下长白山阔叶红松林优势树种的生态位动态特征。结果表明:在研究时段内假色槭(Acer pseudo-sieboldianum)、花楷槭(A.ukurunduense)和白牛槭(A.mandshuricum)生态位宽度较大。原始林与伐后不同年度资源维上优势树种宽度值不同,这是由于采伐改变了林分中的资源和空间状况,在不同资源维上,千金榆(Carpinus cordata)与色木槭(A.mono)的生态位重叠最大,优势树种的生态位重叠与生态位宽度没有正相关关系。伐后5 a,种群间生态位重叠降低,伐后10 a生态位重叠值不断增加,伐后15 a达到最大,伐后20 a,除少数树种对外,生态位重叠值又降低。对采伐干扰下优势树种生态位变化特征的研究,可为长白山阔叶红松林的森林采伐和伐后植被恢复提供重要的科学依据。Niche breadths and overlaps of main arborous species in broadleared-Korean pine mixed forests in Changhai Mountain were analyzed along gradients of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years after harvesting using Levins, Hurlbert and Pianka indices. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, A. ukurunduense and A. mandshuricum had higher niche breadth and adaptability to the environment. Each population had different niche breadths in different resource dimensions of primary forest and harvesting forest. It showed that harvesting changed the resource and spatial conditions of the forest, which resulted in the change in niche breadth of main tree species. Carpinus cordata and Acer mono had the highest niche overlap. There was no positive correlation between niche overlap and niche breadth of main tree species. The niche overlap decreased in 5 years after cutting, reached its maximum threshold 15 years later, and became lower in 20 years after cutting. Results show that the ability of using resources and the ecological adaptability of dominant species change with time after harvesting.

关 键 词：森林采伐 阔叶红松林 优势树种 生态位 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]