辽西地区土壤耕层及养分状况调查分析  

Soil Plough Layers and Soil Nutrients in Western Liaoning

作　　者：白伟[1] 孙占祥[1] 郑家明[1] 刘洋[1] 侯志研[1] 冯良山[1] 杨宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,辽宁省旱作节水工程中心,沈阳110161

出　　处：《土壤》2011年第5期714-719,共6页Soils

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项资金项目(201103001);辽宁省科技攻关课题项目(2008212002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B06)资助

摘　　要：目前，东北地区农田土壤耕层中明显存在的“浅、实、少”问题，已成为制约区域农业发展的主要限制因素。本文对辽殖地区主要作物农田土壤耕层和养分状况进行了调查分析，结果表明：辽西地区的平均耕层为15．17cm，比我国土壤平均耕层（165cm）低1．33cm。阜新、铁岭、朝阳、赤峰的有效耕层土壤量分别为2．27×10^6、1．97×10^6、1．95×10^6、1．79×10^6kg/hm2，均低于正常有效耕层土壤量（2．72×10^6kg／hm2），分别低16．5％、27．6％、28．3％、34．2％。但阜新、铁岭、朝阳、赤峰的土壤体积质量平均值分别为l32,1．38、1．33、1．33g／cm3，均高于作物生长适宜的土壤体积质量范围（1．1～1．3g／cm3）。同时，辽两地区土：壤养分状况也较为低下，其中速效P总变异趋势最大，pH值总变异趋势最小。At present soil plough layers of the farmland are obviously shallow, solid and little in the Northeast region of China, which have become into the main limiting factors for the development of regional agriculture. This paper studied soil plough layers and soil nutrients in western Lianning. The results showed that the thickness of the mean plough layer in western Liaoning was 15.17 cm, which was 1.33 cm shallower than that of nationwide plough layer. Soil bulks of the effective plough layers in Fuxin, Tieling, Chaoyang and chifeng were 2.27×10^6, 1.97×10^6, 1.95 ×10^6 and 1.79×10^6kg/hm2 respectively, which were 16.5%, 27.6%, 28.3% and 34.2% lower than that of the normal effective plough layer （2.72×10^6kg/hm2） respectively. The mean soil bulk densities in Fuxin, Tieling, Chanyang and Chifeng were 1.32, 1.38, 1.33 and 1.33 g/cm3 respectively, all were higher than the suitable range （1.1 - 1.3 g/cm3） for crops normal growth. Meanwhile, soil nutrients in western Lianning were low too. The general variation available phosphorus was maximum while that ofpH was minimum.

关 键 词：辽西地区 土壤耕层 犁底层 养分状况 

分 类 号：S274.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]