壳聚糖在奶牛瘤胃中的降解率及其对瘤胃发酵的影响  

Degradation Ratio of Chitosan in Rumen and Its Effects on Ruminal Fermentation in Dairy Cows

作　　者：田雨佳[1] 闫素梅[1] 任海军[1] 史彬林[1] 马露[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2011年第19期53-56,共4页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD04A15);内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队资助计划(NDPYTD2010-1)

摘　　要：试验旨在研究壳聚糖在奶牛瘤胃中的降解率及其对瘤胃发酵的影响。选择3头体况良好,年龄、体重、胎次、泌乳期相近,安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦泌乳牛作为供体牛。试验一采用尼龙袋法,分别在投入尼龙袋后2、4、8、12、24、36、72 h取样,测定壳聚糖在瘤胃内的实时降解率。试验二利用体外批次培养法,采用单因素完全随机试验设计依据壳聚糖在基础培养底物中的添加剂量分为6个处理组(0、0.02%、0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%)。其中,零剂量组为对照组,其余为壳聚糖组。分别于培养0、2、4、8、12、24 h时间点取样,研究不同添加水平的壳聚糖对奶牛瘤胃液体外发酵特性的影响。结果表明:壳聚糖在奶牛瘤胃内降解率很低,在72 h时的降解率仅有7.79%;添加不同水平的壳聚糖,对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵培养液的pH值、NH3-N浓度、菌体蛋白(BCP)含量、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量、产气量均无显著的影响(P>0.05)。The present study was conducted to investigate the degradation ratio of chitosan in rumen and its effects on ruminal fermentation in dairy cows. The study included 2 trials. The first experiment was conducted to study the degradability of chitosan in rumen of dairy cows. Three dairy cows, withsimilar age, weight, parity and lactation, were installed permanent rumen fistula to determine the rumen degradability of chitosan at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 72 h by nylon bag technique. The second experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of ehitosan in substrates （0, 0.02%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% respectively） on in vitro ruminal fermentation. The pH value, concentrations of NH3-N and BCP and TVFA and gas production of in vitro ruminal fluid at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 h were determined. The results showed that the rumen degradability of chitosan was very low, and it was only about 7.79% at 72 h. The results also indicated that pH value and concentrations of NH3-N and BCP and TVFA and gas production in in vitro ruminal fluid were not affected obviously by chitosan supplementation（P 〉0.05）.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 降解率 瘤胃发酵 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]