种内竞争对稗草生物量生殖分配的影响  

Effects of Intra-specific Competition on Biomass Allocation of Echinochloa crusglli

作　　者：潘星极[1] 郭伟[1] 孙备[1] 邓巍[1] 赵丽丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2011年第9期86-89,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校创新团队科研项目(2009T088);沈阳农业大学博士后基金项目

摘　　要：生殖分配控制着植物的终生生殖与生存的平衡,为此,通过不同密度处理探讨种内竞争对稗草生物量生殖分配的影响。设置5个密度处理:M1,1.17×105株/hm2(1株/盆);M2,3.52×105株/hm2(3株/盆);M3,7.04×105株/hm2(6株/盆);M4,10.56×105株/hm2(9株/盆);M5,14.08×105株/hm2(12株/盆),分别于稗草盛花期和结实期测定各器官生物量,并分析其生物量分配格局。结果表明:各处理在盛花期以后,总生物量均基本不变,但营养器官生物量下降,而生殖器官生物量增加。无论盛花期还是结实期,随着密度的增加,稗草的单株质量、单分蘖质量以及各器官生物量均呈下降趋势。生物量分配,在无种内竞争的低密度处理(M1)下主要表现为增加根的分配,减少茎的分配;盛花期时,在存在植株间竞争的处理中各器官生物量分配差异不显著;结实期,随着种内竞争加剧,稗草单位受光面积降低,致使稗草对叶的分配增加,反而降低了茎器官的投入比例,而生殖器官在中等密度M2、M3处理条件下分配最大,分配比例分别为17.34%、17.28%。Reproductive allocation controls the reproduction and survival balance of plants. Effects of intra-specific competition on the biomass allocation of Echinochloa crusgHi （L.） beauv under different densities were studied in this experiment. Five density treatments were designed： M1, 1.17 × 105 plants/ha （1plant/pot） ; M2, 3. 52 × 10^5 plants/ha （3 plants/pot） ; M3, 7.04 × 10^5 plants/ha（6 plants/pot）; M4, 10. 56 × 10^5 plants/ha （9＇plants/pot）; M5,14. 08 × 10^5 plants/ha （12 plants/pot）. The biomass and biomass allocation pattern of its various organs were determined and analyzed at flowering and grain filling periods. The results showed that the total biomass was basically unchanged after flowering under all treatments,in which the biomass of vegetative or gans was decreased but that of the reproductive organ was increased. At either flowering or grain filling period, within populations there was a certain mechanism to alleviate intra-specific competi tion which reduced the weight per plant,weight per tiller and biomass of various organs with the increase of density. In the absence of intra-specific competition under low-density treatment （M1）, biomass allocation was mainly to increase the distribution of roots,and to reduce the distribution of stems. In the presence of competition, the difference of biomass distribution between plant organs was not significant at the flowering period. At the grain filling period, with increaseof intra-specit!ic competition,E, crusglli unit area by the light decreased, resulting in the increase of leaf allocation and decrease of stem allocation, but the allocation of reproductive organs reached the maximum of 17.34% and 17.28% under the medium-density of M2 and M3 treatments.

关 键 词：稗草 密度 生物量 生殖分配 种内竞争 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]