牙科手机高速旋转形成的气溶胶与医院感染关系研究  

Levels of bacterial aerosols and their relationship with hospital infection by dental handpieces

作　　者：顾红政 曹卫平[2] 

机构地区：[1]镇江市口腔医院,江苏镇江212001 [2]镇江市第四人民医院院感科,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《口腔生物医学》2011年第3期145-147,共3页Oral Biomedicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨口腔科使用高速涡轮手机时产生的气溶胶传播的距离和污染程度。方法:采用自然沉降法进行气溶胶采样:实验组选取使用高速手机患者8例,营养琼脂平板放置距离病人口周0.5m和1.5m处各2块,共16块。将平板打开,暴露时间为1h。8例使用其他仪器的作为对照组。同时对工作人员口罩及邻近物体表面采样,进行菌落计数和细菌分型鉴定。结果:在距离病人口周0.5m处,实验组的细菌菌落数为(6125.71±74.46)CFU/m3,对照组为(5142.17±976.98)CFU/m3,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在距离病人口1.5m处,实验组的细菌菌落数为(9069.23±5962.82)CFU/m3,对照组为(4073.53±1385.68)CFU/m3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。细菌分型鉴定常见的病原菌为微球菌属、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、G+棒状杆菌等;实验组医生的口罩与电脑显示屏细菌菌落数(CFU/m2)分别为(891.17±116.75)、(6065.5±1942.22)CFU/m2,高于对照组的(121.67±64.62)、(50±5.77)CFU/m2,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:使用牙科高速手机产生的气溶胶含有较高水平的致病微生物,增加了医院感染的风险。Objective：To determine the distance airborne bacteria can be spread during dental treatment with high-speed rotators, and the level and species of microbiological contamination. Methods： Fall out samples were collected with nutritious agar plates placed in six different spots, 0.5-1.5m from the patient. Fallout samples（ n = 32 ）were take from patients treated with high-speed rotators, and control samples （n = 32 ） were collected from people treated without rotating instruments. The duration of sample taking was 1 h. In addition, samples were taken from facial masks of dentists and adjacent surfaces in the room. After 48 h of incubation at 37℃, colonies were counted and classified by Gram staining. Results：Among samples taken from spots 0.5 m away from patients＇ mouths, the mean bacterial colonies of two groups were （6125.71±74.46） and （5142.17±976.98） CFU/m3 respectively, though the difference was not statistical significant（ P 〉 0.05 ） ;However, when sampling spots were 1.5 m from patients, the mean bacterial colonies from patients treated with high-speed rotators were （9069.23 ± 5962.82） CFU/m3,and （4073.53 ±1385.68 ） CFU/m3 from control patients. The former was significantly higher than the latter （ P 〈 0. 005 ） o The found pathogenic microorganisms were identified as Microeoeci, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, fungi and Corynebaeterium（ G＋ ） , based on biochemical and morphological characteristics. Further, it was found that the mean bacterial colonies of samples, which were taken from high-speed rotators-handling dentists＇ facial masks and desktop monitors, were （891.17 ± 116.75 ） and （6065.5 ± 1942.22） CFU/m2 , respectively, which were statistically higher than corresponding samples from dentists who did not handle high-speed rotators[ （ 121.67 ± 64.62） and （50 ± 5.77 ） CFU/m2 ] （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions：The high-speed rotators in oral therapy can produce bacterial aerosols and have high risk for nosoeomi

关 键 词：口腔治疗 高速手机 气溶胶 医院感染 职业防护 

分 类 号：R472.1[医药卫生—护理学]