上海中心城区公园土壤的肥力特征分析  

Study on fertility characteristics of central urban park soils in Shanghai

作　　者：郝瑞军[1] 方海兰[1] 沈烈英[1] 梁晶[1] 吕子文[1] 郝冠军[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第5期20-26,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2007)第10–1号]

摘　　要：采集上海中心城区主要公园绿地土壤表层(0～30 cm)以及剖面(0～90 cm)样品,研究了土壤pH、电导率(EC)、有机质、氮、磷、钾等肥力特性,并采用内梅罗指数法综合评价了公园土壤的肥力特征。结果表明,上海中心城区公园土壤pH以弱碱性(pH 7.5～8.5)和碱性(pH>8.5)为主,98.47%土壤pH值高于7.5,土壤电导率主要分布在0.03～0.74 mS.cm-1之间,平均为0.13 mS.cm-1,有机质以中等含量为主,土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮含量以中等到偏低为主;大多数公园土壤有效磷较为缺乏,而土壤全钾、速效钾含量则较为丰富。从剖面分布看,土壤各层次pH值差异不大,而电导率则随土层的加深而增加;有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量随着土层的加深而下降,表层显著高于亚表层和底层(p<0.05),全磷含量表层高于底层,但相互间差异不显著。内梅罗综合肥力指数评价结果显示,上海中心城区公园土壤肥力指数较低,53.52%土壤综合肥力指数为0.9～1.8,44.65%土壤综合肥力指数小于0.9,表现为中等到贫瘠水平,在未来养护中需要有针对性的进行改良。Surface（0~30 cm） and profile（0~90 cm） soil samples of the central urban parks were collected in Shanghai city,pH,EC,organic matter,N,P,K content were analyzed,furthermore,the integrated soil fertility was evaluated by Nemoro index.Results indicated that the soil pH was dominated by slightly alkaline（pH 7.5~8.5）and alkaline（pH8.5）,and the soil pH over 7.5 account for 98.74%; But soil EC were relatively low,mainly in 0.03～0.74 mS·cm-1,averaged in 0.13 mS·cm-1;Soil organic matter was dominated by medium level;Soil total N total P and alkali-hydrolyzable N were medium to low level,and most park soils were lack in available P,but total K and available K were relatively rich.The distribution pattern in soil profile were different,soil pH was strong alkaline in the while profile,and had no significant difference;Soil EC was increased along with the increasing of soil layers;The content of organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable N,available P,available K were decreased along with the increasing of soil layers,and the content in surface soil were significantly higher than the subsurface and substrate（p0.05）.The total P content in surface were higher than the substrata,but had no significant difference.Results by the Nemoro index showed that the integrated soil fertility in central urban park was very low,53.52% soil was in 0.9～1.8,44.65% soil was below 0.9,which means medium to very low fertility level,and need improvement in the future maintaining.

关 键 词：中心城区 公园土壤 肥力特征 上海 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]