播种方式与追肥时期对黑龙江省冬小麦根系生长及产量的影响  

Effects of planting modes and topdressing stage on root growth and yield of winter wheat in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：陈龙涛[1] 李晶[1] 商文楠[1] 李馨园[1] 王晓楠[1] 魏湜[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第5期38-42,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅项目(11551055);公益性行业科研专项(200903010-05);东北农业大学博士启动基金项目

摘　　要：为了探寻黑龙江省冬小麦适宜的播种方式和追肥时期,在田间条件下,研究了播种方式和追肥时期对冬小麦根系生长及产量的影响。结果表明,不同追肥处理下小麦的根冠比随生育期呈下降趋势;根系体积、根系表面积生长随生育期呈先升高后下降的变化趋势,乳熟期达到峰值;不同处理间产量呈现显著性差异,拔节期一次施肥垄沟播处理与平播处理分别比各自对照(不追肥处理)提高27.8%、39.7%,返青期施肥分别提高21.4%、21.1%,返青期与拔节期分施分别提高27.7%、26.7%。垄沟播种在拔节期一次追施氮肥产量可达到最高,比平播处理产量提高14%。黑龙江省冬小麦采取垄沟播种在拔节期适量追肥的栽培技术有助于根系生长及提高产量。In order to explore the appropriate planting modes and topdressing stage of winter wheat in Heilongjiang Province,the effect of planting modes and topdressing stage on root growth and yield of winter wheat was studied.The results showed that the root-shoot ratio in different topdressing treatments had a decreasing trend along with the process of growth stage.Root volume and surface present increased rapidly,and then decreased,milk stage reached its maximum.There was significant difference in yield among different treatments,Topdressing at jointing stage,yield increased by 27.8% by furrow planting and 39.7% by flat planting compared with respective CK;Topdressing at regreening stage,yield increased by 21.4% by furrow planting and 21.1% by flat planting compared with respective CK;Topdressing at regreening and jointing stages,yield increased by 27.7% by furrow planting and 26.7% by flat planting compared with respective CK.Considered effects of planting modes and topdressing stage on yield of winter wheat,yield of treatment of topdressing at jointing stage was the highest 4 473.07 kg/hm2 by furrow planting,increased by 14% than by flat planting.There were better results of root growth and yield of winter wheat by furrow planting than flat planting.Furrow planting and dressing N fertilizer in jointing stage contributed to root growth and better yield in Heilongjiang Province.

关 键 词：冬小麦 播种方式 追肥时期 根系生长 产量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]