枯黄草坪土壤线虫营养类群结构及其调节因素  

Nematode trophic group structure in wilted turf soil and its regulation factors

作　　者：梁林琳[1] 刘奇志[1] 谢娜[1] 李星月[1] 杨端[1] 边勇[1] 谢德燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院昆虫与线虫学实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2011年第5期948-954,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家科技部863课题(2006AA06Z354);农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201003043)

摘　　要：以北京永丰地区绿化带枯黄草坪为案例,分析了土壤中线虫营养类群结构比例,田间验证了供试调节因子对其结构调整的作用,筛选出了对环境安全友好的有效调节制剂。研究结果显示,枯黄草坪土壤中,有害的植物线虫类群数量占绝对优势,为总线虫数量的88.6%,而有益的非植物线虫类群的数量百分比总和却只有11.4%。土壤修复剂和小杆线虫(Tum ian品系)能有效地调节线虫营养类群结构,二者分别使植物线虫数量百分比降至48.9%和50.5%,使非植物线虫数量百分比增加约4.5倍,土壤的瓦斯乐斯卡指数等于1,健康程度提高10倍。稀释3 000倍和2 000倍的1.8%爱福丁溶液仅能使植物线虫数量百分比降低3.5%,因为它在使植物线虫数量减半的同时也使非植物线虫数量减少约50%。由此认为,植物线虫是导致草坪枯黄的主要类群,土壤修复剂和Tum ian品系的小杆线虫为有效的土壤线虫营养类群结构调节剂。二者能使土壤中有害线虫类群数量降低,有益线虫类群数量上升,土壤健康程度得到一定恢复。To solve the problem of wilted turf, taking the wilted turf in Beijing Yongfeng green belt area as an example, the study analyzed the proportion of soil nematode trophic group structure, validated the effect of regulatory factors on structural adjustment in the field, and screened out environmentally safe and friendly effective regulation agents. The results showed that with the percentage of 88.6% of all the nematodes, the harmful phytophage nematodes were dominant groups in wilted turf soil in Beijing Yongfeng virescence region, meanwhile the percentage of the total number of beneficial nematodes was only 11.4%. Soil amendment （SA） and Rhabiditis （Oscheius） sp. Tumian strain could reform the nematode trophic group structure signlflcantly, reduce the plant parasitic nematode quantity to 48.9% and 50. 5% respectively, and increase about 4. 5 times of non-plant nematode quantity. They also increased the Wasilewska Index to 1 so as to make the healthy level increase ten times. The 1.8% abameetin in 3 000 and 2 000 times of dilutions only could reduce the plant parasitic nematode quantity by 3.5% , because they reduced both harmful and beneficial nematode population down to 1/2. These results demonstrated that the plant parasitic nema- todes were the main group which led the lawn to be wilted. Soil amendment （SA） and Rhabiditis （Oscheius） sp. Tumiau strain were the effective agents on improving the soil nematode trophic group structure, as they could reduce phytophage nematode quantity and increase the nmnber of beneficial nematode group, making turf soil restore to a certain level of health ultimately.

关 键 词：爱福丁 土壤修复剂 小杆线虫Tumian品系 草坪土壤健康 营养类群 

分 类 号：S154.37[农业科学—土壤学]