重症监护病房医院感染病原菌分布及其耐药性分析  

Distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in ICU and drug resistance analysis

作　　者：金玉姬[1] 牛延军[1] 吴美玉[2] 崔鲜花[3] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学附属医院感染症科,吉林延吉133000 [2]延边大学附属医院呼吸内科,吉林延吉133000 [3]延边大学附属医院检验科,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第20期4381-4382,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)患者医院感染及耐药性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性调查医院ICU 2009年6月-2010年5月感染患者分离的病原菌,检测其耐药性并进行统计分析。结果共分离出病原菌105株,医院获得性感染中仍以革兰阴性菌为主,占67.6%,其次革兰阳性菌,占29.5%,真菌占2.9%;革兰阴性菌以鲍氏不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌为主;革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主;革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南较敏感;革兰阳性球菌仍对万古霉素最为敏感,尚未发现耐药株。结论 ICU医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,细菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药严重,且呈多药耐药;应加强ICU细菌耐药性检测,严格掌握抗菌药物使用原则。OBJECTIVE To explore the nosocomial infection and drug resistance in patients in intensive care unit（ICU） and offer data for reasonable antimicrobial agents in clinic.METHODS Statistical methods were used to analyze the data of pathogen and drug resistance in ICU from Jun 2009 to May 2010.RESULTS A total of 105 strains were isolated,The nosocomial infections were mainly caused by Gram-negative bacilli（67.6%）,Gram-positive cocci（29.5%） and fungi（2.9%） in turn.Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the main Gram-negative bacillus,Staphylococcus aureus was the main Gram-positive coccus.The drug resistance rate of the Gram-negative bacillus to imipenem,and meropenem was lower.All staphylococcus were sensitive to vancomycin and no resistant strain was found.CONCLUSION Gram-negative bacilli are the most common nosocomial infection bacteria in ICU.Drug resistance of the bacteria is severe and presents multidrug resistance to commonly used antibiotics.It is essential to detect and monitor the local distribution and resistant rate of bacilli in ICU,and to adjust drugs timely according to the drug susceptibility.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]