基于非线性电感分析的永磁直线同步电机电磁推力特性研究  

Research on Thrust Characteristics in Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Based on Analysis of Nonlinear Inductance

作　　者：刘成颖[1] 王昊[2] 张之敬[2] 沈祥明[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学精密仪器与机械学系,北京市海淀区100084 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆工程学院,北京市海淀区100081

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2011年第30期69-76,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAF01B09-05)~~

摘　　要：传统的永磁直线同步电机的电磁推力特性分析,一般采用恒定电感的分析模型,忽略了饱和效应和纵向端部效应。为了分析带负载情况下永磁直线同步电机的电磁推力特点,首先提出了一种考虑端部效应和饱和效应的非线性磁路模型。此模型不仅能计算稳态电感,还能计算电感的瞬态值。通过分析电感随电流、位置的变化规律以及三相电感不相等的现象,获得了基本的电感矩阵。经过dq变换和推力计算,得到了考虑饱和效应、位置变化和纵向端部效应的电磁推力公式。进一步发现直线电机的推力波动主要来自于饱和效应,并且波动的幅值与电流的2次方成正比。这意味着直线电机的推力特性随着负载的增加而恶化。最后采用齿形设计的方法,有效减小推力波动;采用电流环补偿的方法,使速度波动减小了70%。Analytical models of thrust characteristics in permanent magnet linear synchronous motor are generally presented with constant inductance.The effects of saturation and longitudinal end are neglected.In order to analyze the thrust characteristics with load,a new non-linear magnetic circuit analytic model was suggested.This analytic model which considered saturation phenomena and longitudinal end effect,not only could calculate steady-state inductance,but also calculated transient-state inductance.So the dynamic inductance was obtained as a function of magnet position and current.Meanwhile,it also present the fundamental reasons about the inequality of stable inductance of the three-phase winding.After d-q transforming and calculating,the electromagnetic thrust formula,which included all the influence form saturation phenomena,position and longitudinal end effect was obtained.According to this formula,the ripple caused by saturation phenomena was a major part of the thrust fluctuation.The amplitude of the fluctuation had a square relationship with current.It meant that thrust characteristics become worse when the load increases.Finally,a new shape of the teeth and a method to compensate current into the current loop was suggest,which could decrease the speed ripple about 70%.

关 键 词：永磁直线同步电机 电磁推力特性 电感 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]