太湖流域土地利用变化特征与机制分析  

CHARACTERISTICS OF LAND USE AND ITS MECHANISM IN TAIHU LAKE BASIN

作　　者：张落成[1] 刘存丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]南京晓庄学院生物化学与环境工程学院,江苏南京211171

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2011年第10期1205-1210,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"经济开发区土地合理集约利用与产业空间准入机制研究--以苏锡常地区为例"(40971072);中国科学院知识创新工程项目"长三角一体化发展的空间优化与生态补偿研究"(KZCX2-YW-339)

摘　　要：太湖流域土地总面积36 895km2,包括了上海、江苏、浙江两省一市的部分区域,其中,江苏占53%,浙江占33%,上海占14%。太湖流域土地利用按下垫面可以分为耕地、建设用地、水域和其他用地4种类型。采用2005年土地详查数据与上次防洪规划数据进行比较。研究发现:耕地是太湖流域最重要的下垫面,占土地总面积的36.6%,建设用地占土地占面积的23%,与耕地的矛盾十分尖锐,水域面积较大,占土地总面积的14.5%。1996～2005年,土地利用变化的总体趋势是,耕地面积减少,减少幅度最大的地区在太湖流域江苏部分,两省一市建设用地均有30%左右的增长幅度,土地围垦得到有效控制,水域面积略有下降。人口增长和城市化快速发展、经济发展、效益驱动与土地管制差异是造成土地利用变化的主要原因。With an area of 36 895 square kilometers, Taihu Lake basin extends across East China＇s regions including Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces and Shanghai Municipality. Of all the land, Jiangsu accounts for 53 percent, while zhejiang accounts for 33 percent and Shanghai 14 percent. It can be divided into four kinds of underlying surfaces, such as cultivated land, construction land, water area and other land. In 1999, the flood protection planning in Taihu Lake basin was announced and the data of land area was wild- ly used. To discover the real change of land use, we used the investigation data from the bureau of land management in 2005. It showed that the cultivated land was the most important underlying surface in Taihu basin, the contradiction between agricultural land and construction land was much serious, and wa ter area was large, accounting for 14.5 percent of the total area. From 1996 to 2005, the cultivated land had decreased a lot, especially in Jiangsu province; the construction land had increased for about 30 percent in Taihu lake basin, while water area was slightly decreased. The population increased, urbanization de- velopment, quick economic development, profit driven and difference of land control had given rise to this change.

关 键 词：土地利用 机制 太湖流域 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]