水下岩塞爆破技术及在塘寨电厂取水工程中的应用  

Technology of Underwater Rock Plug Blasting and Its Application in Water Intake Project of Tangzhai Power Plant

作　　者：刘美山[1] 童克强[2] 余强[3] 赵根[1] 张正宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院武汉长科工程建设监理有限责任公司,武汉430010 [3]长江科学院武汉长江科创科技发展有限公司,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2011年第10期156-161,共6页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基金项目(CKSF2010019)

摘　　要：水下岩塞爆破技术包括硐室爆破、钻孔爆破以及这2种技术的组合,分析了各自的优缺点和适用条件:硐室爆破威力大,适用于大断面、大厚度岩塞;钻孔爆破能量分布均匀,适用于中小规模岩塞;而这2种技术的相互组合和内部组合则更能适用于不同的工程环境。以贵州塘寨电厂取水工程为例,分析了平行小断面双岩塞的结构特点,设计了大孔径深孔和浅孔组合的爆破方案,总结了其施工技术,可供类似工程参考。The technology of underwater rock plug blasting includes chamber blasting,drilling blasting and the combination of both.The advantages and shortcomings of these three approaches and the application conditions are analyzed as follows： chamber blasting releases great power and thus is suitable for thick rock plug with large cross section;whereas drilling blasting,with evenly distributed power,can be applied in the blasting of small and medium-sized rock plug;and the combination of the both can be applied more widely in different engineering circumstances.The structural characteristics of double rock plugs in parallel sections are analyzed,based on which a blasting plan combining the large diameter deep hole and shallow hole blasting is proposed.Techniques of the blasting are also summarized for reference for alike projects.The water intake project of Tangzhai Power Plant is taken as an illustration.

关 键 词：岩塞爆破 塘寨电厂 硐室爆破 钻孔爆破 

分 类 号：TV542.4[水利工程—水利水电工程]