西安市中学生耳科疾病现况调查  

Epidemiological study on ear diseases of middle school students in Xi’an

作　　者：徐展 李宗华[2] 陈阳[2] 王方圆[2] 何亚[2] 淳于秀杰[2] 张鹏志[2] 高磊[2] 邱淑萍[2] 刘顺利[2] 乔莉[2] 邱建华[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省永康市第一人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,浙江永康321300 [2]第四军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2011年第9期477-480,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"支撑课题基金(2007BAI18812)

摘　　要：目的了解西安市中学生耳科疾病的流行病学情况,为开展中学生听力健康教育及耳科疾病防治和干预工作奠定基础并提供科学依据。方法结合WHO方案,用分层随机整群抽样方法对西安市某区10所中学进行耳科和听力调查。结果耳科疾病的患病率为6.00%,其中外耳病3.83%,中耳病0.70%,内耳病1.47%。耳疾患病率男性高于女性,其差别有统计学意义(χ2=24.855,P<0.05),内耳疾病患病率没有随着睡眠质量下降、学习压力增加而升高,其差别没有统计学意义(χ2=4.065,χ2=0.908,P>0.05)。干预需求:其中2.30%需要取出耵聍,0.13%需要验配助听器,0.96%需要耳外科非急诊手术。结论中学生耳科疾病的高患病率会严重影响中学生身心健康发展,制定和执行科学的防治策略是十分重要和迫切的,防治中应更多关注耵聍栓塞、MP3及游戏使用、睡眠情况、学习压力。OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of ear diseases of the teenagers in Xi＇an in order to generalize the education of acoustic health and provide scientific data for prevent and treatment strategies of these disease.METHODS Stratified randomized cluster sampling survey of otological and hearing tests were applied to the students from 10 middle schools of Xi＇an basis for WHO protocol.RESULTS The prevalence of ear diseases was 6.00%,which was composed of outer ear diseases（3.83%）,middle ear diseases（0.70%）and inner ear diseases（1.47%）.There was a significant difference in prevalence between males and females.No obvious evidence supported there were some connections between the prevalence of inner ear diseases and descending of sleep quality or increasing of study pressure.Among the surveyed teenagers,2.30% needed to unload cerumen,0.13% needed hearing aids,and 0.96% needed non-urgent ear surgery before test.CONCLUSION The high prevalence of ear diseases has negative influences on physical and mental health of middle school students.The scientific strategies of their prevention and treatment,which should consider the effects of cerumen impaction,overuse of mp3 and games as well as poor sleep quality and study pressure,need to be formulated and implemented urgently.

关 键 词：耳疾病 患病率 流行病学研究 抽样研究 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]