新疆农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病的危险因素调查  

The risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xinjiang rural areas

作　　者：凌敏[1] 荣艳[1] 苟安栓[1] 牛灵[1] 王辉[1] 祖里培亚·艾拜都拉[1] 朱佳[1] 庞敏[1] 阿依古丽·阿布来提[1] 于碧磬[1] 汪海涛[1] 赵明华[2] 韩克斯[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院呼吸二科,乌鲁木齐830001 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院呼吸功能检查室,乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2011年第9期666-668,共3页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基　　金：基金项目：中华医学会临床医学慢性呼吸道疾病科研专项资金（07010160024） 志谢 新疆医科大学张月明教授及中国医学科学院北京阱和医院韩江娜教授对本研究给予大力支持和帮助

摘　　要：目的 探讨新疆农村地区COPD危险因素的特点。方法 2007年12月至2010年12月，采用统一的流行病学调查表，以整群随机抽样方法抽取新疆南部和北部农村常住人口3575人为调查对象，进行问卷调查和肺功能检测。以支气管舒张试验后FEV1/FVC＜ 70％，并排除其他心肺疾病作为COPD的诊断标准。采用logistic回归分析方法进行危险因素分析。结果 将资料完整的3489人纳入分析，新疆农村COPD总患病率为4.0％ （138/3489），诊治率仅为14.5％（20/138），维吾尔族的检出率最高（5.1％，90/1774），其次是哈萨克族（3.3％，26/784），汉族的检出率最低（2.4％，22/921）,50岁以上人群的COPD检出率明显增高（＞10％，94/743）。COPD患病风险增加的因素有维吾尔族（OR=2.79，95％CI为1.71 ～4.57）、年龄＞30岁（OR =3.41，95％ CI为1.62～7.18）、家族呼吸系统疾病史（OR= 1.68,95％ CI为1.11 ～2.53）和烹饪行为（OR= 1.47，95％CI为1.02 ～2.12）。结论 新疆农村地区COPD患病风险与维吾尔族、年龄、家族呼吸系统疾病史及烹饪行为密切相关。需进一步了解不同民族间COPD患病风险与基因的关系，以及该地区COPD患病风险与生物燃料烟雾的关系。ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） in Xinjiang rural areas.Methods This was a population-based and cross-sectional survey on prevalence of COPD in Xinjiang from December 2007 to December 2010.The clusterrandomsampling method was performed to collect the data from 3575 people in rural areas in southern（mainly with the Uygur nationality and Han nationality） and northern （mainly with Hazakh nationality and Han nationality） parts of Xinjiang. The subjects were interviewed with questionnaires and tested with spirometry. A postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC 〈 70% was defined as diagnostic of COPD. Results Completed data were obtained from 3489 participants. The average prevalence of COPD was 4.0% （138/3489）. Of the 138COPD patients, only 20 （14.5% , 20/138） had received diagnosis and treatment.The prevalence of COPD in Uygurs was higher （5.1%, 90/1774） than that in Hazakhs （3.3%, 26/784） and that in Hans （2.4%,22/921）.The prevalence of COPD in population older than 50 years increased significantly （〉 10%,94/743）.Logistic regression model was conducted and statistical association of COPD was found with Uygurs （OR=2.79, 95% CI： 1.71-4.57）, older than 30 years （OR =3.41, 95% CI： 1.62-7.18）, family history of respiratory diseases （OR = 1.68, 95% CI： 1.11-2.53）, and cooking behavior （OR = 1.47,95%CI：1.02-2.12）. ConclusionsHigher risk for COPD was related with Uygurs, older age, family history of respiratory diseases,and cooking behavior.Whether difference in the prevalence of COPD among different ethnics is related to genetic background, and the relationship between biofuels and other risk factors for COPD need further study.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 危险因素 流行病学方法 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]