亚印太交汇区海表温度的分布和变化特征及其对中国降水的影响  

Spatial distribution and temporal variation of sea surface temperature in the joining area of Asia and Indian-Pacific Ocean and its impacts on precipitation in China

作　　者：卢峰[1,2] 郑彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所/热带季风重点开放实验室,广东广州510080 [2]南京信息工程大学/气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《海洋学报》2011年第5期39-46,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40505019);全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(2010CB950304)

摘　　要：利用1967—2009年的逐月海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)资料和降水资料,以及经验正交函数(Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF)和相关分析方法,探讨了亚印太交汇区(Joining Area of Asia and Indian-Pacific Ocean,AIPO)SST的时空分布及其对中国降水的影响。结果表明:海表温度EOF分析第1主分量(即EOF1)的空间分布在整个AIPO区为均一分布,时间系数呈现出明显的年代际变化特征。在年代际尺度上,当AIPO区的SST升高后,北太平洋地区SST开始降低,在11个月后达到最低。另外,AIPO区的SST升高会使南海季风区和东亚季风区的降水增加,使青藏高原西部降水减少。第2主分量(即EOF2)的空间分布在西太平洋基本与东印度洋(包括南海地区)为反相变化,时间系数呈现出明显的2 a和4～5 a为主的年际振荡周期。当Ni o 3.4区SST出现正异常后4个月左右,东印度洋地区有SST正异常,而西太平洋地区有SST负异常。西太平洋地区的SST升高及东印度洋地区的SST降低将导致西北太平洋地区降水增加,东北和华北地区降水减少。而且,AIPO区SST第二模态影响华北和东北的降水要比西北太平洋地区至少超前3个月。The monthly Sea Surface Temperature（SST） data and the Precipitation Reconstruction data set during the period from 1967 to 2009 are used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of sea surface temperature in the Joining Area of Asia and Indian-Pacific Ocean（AIPO） and its impacts on precipitation in China,through methods of the Empirical Orthogonal Function（EOF） and correlation analysis.The results show that the first eigenvector（EOF1） has uniform mode and the first time coefficient behaves as significant interdecadal change.On the interdecadal time-scale,As the SST rises in the AIPO region,the SST in the North Pacific begins decrease,and reaches the lowest 11 months later.Additionally,the SST rises in the AIPO region would make the precipitation in the South China Sea（SCS） monsoon region and East Asia monsoon region increase,but reduce in the west of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The second eigenvector（EOF2） is featured with out-phase in the western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean（including SCS） and the second time coefficient displays evidently biennial and 4～5 years interannual oscillation.When the Nio 3.4 SST appears positive anomaly,there is positive SST anomaly in the Eastern Indian Ocean and negative anomaly in the western Pacific 4-month later.The warm SST in the western Pacific and the cold in the Eastern Indian Ocean would suppress the precipitation in the western North Pacific and enhance the precipitation in the Northeast and North China increase.Moreover,the effect of the AIPO SST on the precipitation in the north of China has at least 3 months leading relative to that on the western North Pacific precipitation.

关 键 词：气候学 海表温度 时空分布 统计分析 亚印太交汇区 降水 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]